{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:12:51Z","timestamp":1790698371278,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]],"date-time":"2017-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Muscle quality (MQ) or strength\u2010to\u2010mass ratio declines with aging, but the rate of MQ change with aging is highly heterogeneous across individuals. The identification of risk factors for accelerated MQ decline may offer clues to identity the underpinning physiological mechanisms and indicate targets for prevention and treatment. Using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, we tested whether measures of body mass and body composition are associated with differential rates of changes in MQ with aging.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants included 511 men and women, aged 50\u00a0years or older, followed for an average of 4\u00a0years (range: 1\u20138). MQ was operationalized as ratio between knee\u2010extension isokinetic strength and CT\u2010thigh muscle cross\u2010sectional area. Predictors included body mass and body composition measures: weight (kg), body mass index (BMI, kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), dual\u2010energy x\u2010ray absorptiometry\u2010measured total body fat mass (TFM, kg) and lean mass (TLM, kg), and body fatness (TFM\/weight). Covariates were baseline age, sex, race, and body height.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Muscle quality showed a significant linear decline over the time of the follow up (average rate of decline 0.02\u00a0Nm\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      per year,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001). Independent of covariates, neither baseline body weight (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.756) nor BMI (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.777) was predictive of longitudinal rate of decline in MQ. Instead, higher TFM and lower TLM at baseline predicted steeper longitudinal decline in MQ (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.036 and\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a0.001, respectively). In particular, participants with both high TFM and low TLM at baseline experienced the most dramatic decline compared with those with low TFM and high TLM (about 3% per year vs. 0.5% per year, respectively). Participants in the higher tertile of baseline body fatness presented a significantly faster decline of MQ than the rest of the population (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0.021). Similar results were observed when body mass, TFM, and TLM were modeled as time\u2010dependent predictors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Body composition, but not weight nor BMI, is associated with future MQ decline, suggesting that preventive strategies aimed at maintaining good MQ with aging should specifically target body composition features.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12183","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]],"date-time":"2017-02-14T21:22:57Z","timestamp":1487107377000},"page":"490-499","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Early body composition, but not body mass, is associated with future accelerated decline in muscle quality"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Fabbri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard  Baltimore MD 21224\u20106825 USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Chiles Shaffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard  Baltimore MD 21224\u20106825 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Freire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard  Baltimore MD 21224\u20106825 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle D.","family":"Shardell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard  Baltimore MD 21224\u20106825 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Zoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie A.","family":"Studenski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes 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