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Especially it is applied in healthy individual after injury to rebuild muscle mass and in severely atrophic patients who are not able or willing to perform conventional exercise training programs. Studies in experimental models as well as in human subjects confirmed that EMS can increase muscle mass by around 1% and improve muscle function by around 10\u201315% after 5\u20136\u00a0weeks of treatment. Despite a severe increase in circulating creatine kinase during the first session, EMS can be regarded as a safe therapeutic intervention. At the molecular level, EMS improves the anabolic\/catabolic balance and stimulates the regenerative capacity of satellite cells. EMS intensity should be as high as individually tolerated, and a minimum of three sessions per week [large pulses (between 300\u2013450\u00a0\u03bcs), high frequency (50\u2013100\u00a0Hz in young and around 30\u00a0Hz in older individuals)] for at least 5\u20136\u00a0weeks should be performed. EMS improved functional performances more effectively than voluntary training and counteracted fast type muscle fibre atrophy, typically associated with sarcopenia. The effect of superimposing EMS on conventional exercise training to achieve more muscle mass and better function is still discussed controversially. Nevertheless, EMS should not be regarded as a replacement of exercise training per se, since the beneficial effect of exercise training is not just relying on building muscle mass but it also exerts positive effects on endothelial, myocardial, and cognitive function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12332","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,20]],"date-time":"2018-07-20T09:20:45Z","timestamp":1532078445000},"page":"631-634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Electromyostimulation to fight atrophy and to build muscle: facts and numbers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Volker","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology TU Dresden, Heart Center Dresden  Dresden 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