{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T12:53:17Z","timestamp":1789563197843,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1552608000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the potential value of 3D multiple gradient echo Dixon\u2010based magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence as a tool for thigh intramuscular fat quantification in Charcot\u2013Marie\u2013Tooth disease (CMT) patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prospective comparison study comprising 18 CMT patients and 18 age\/sex\u2010matched volunteers was performed. MRI including 3D multiple gradient echo Dixon\u2010based imaging was performed for each subject. Region of interest analyses were performed at the upper and lower third of both thighs. The two\u2010sample <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test or Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for intergroup comparison of the mean muscle fat fraction. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to evaluate the interobserver agreement and test\u2013retest reproducibility. Semiquantitive analysis using the Goutallier classification (Grades 0\u20134) was performed on T1\u2010weighted images in upper thigh muscles. For Goutallier Grade 0 muscles, comparison of the mean intramuscular fat fraction between volunteers and CMT patients was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The interobserver agreements were excellent for all measurements (intraclass correlation coefficients\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.8). Mean muscle fat fractions were significantly higher in all the measured muscles of CMT patients (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) except in the adductor magnus in the upper thigh (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.109). Goutallier Grade 0 muscles of the CMT patients showed a significantly higher mean fat fraction compared with that of the volunteers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>3D multiple gradient echo Dixon\u2010based MRI is a reproducible and sensitive technique which can reveal a significant difference in the fat fraction of thigh muscle, including comparison between Goutallier Grade 0 muscles, between CMT patients and volunteers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T07:49:03Z","timestamp":1552636143000},"page":"574-585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Muscle fat quantification using magnetic resonance imaging: case\u2013control study of Charcot\u2013Marie\u2013Tooth disease patients and volunteers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Hyun Su","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine Sungkyunkwan University  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7822-5344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Cheol","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine Sungkyunkwan University  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byung\u2010Ok","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine Sungkyunkwan University  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wook","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jang Gyu","family":"Cha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital  Bucheon South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70110-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.11.2090"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.2396"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws299"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm957"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-014-0199-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2011.00350.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2010.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh693"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-011-1199-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmd.2008.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512452714"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2007.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-012-2404-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-015-4144-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.153.1.6089263"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22925"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"78","article-title":"Fatty muscle degeneration in cuff ruptures. 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