{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:39:51Z","timestamp":1791556791407,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]],"date-time":"2019-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle strength and mass, predicts adverse outcomes and becomes common with age. There is recognition that sarcopenia may occur at younger ages in those with long\u2010term conditions (LTCs) as well as those with multimorbidity (the presence of two or more LTCs), but their relationships have been little explored. Our aims were to describe the prevalence of sarcopenia in UK Biobank, a large sample of men and women aged 40\u201370\u00a0years, and to explore relationships with different categories of LTCs and multimorbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used data from 499\u00a0046 participants in the baseline of UK Biobank. Our main outcome was probable sarcopenia based on maximum grip strength below sex\u2010specific cut\u2010points. Participants' LTCs were recorded during an interview and categorized against a hierarchy. We used logistic regression to examine the independent associations between each category of LTCs and probable sarcopenia, including adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index. We also examined the association with multimorbidity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Probable sarcopenia had an overall prevalence of 5.3% and increased with age. The categories with the strongest associations with probable sarcopenia were musculoskeletal\/trauma [OR 2.17 (95% CI: 2.11, 2.23)], endocrine\/diabetes [OR 1.49 (95% CI: 1.45, 1.55)], and neurological\/psychiatric [OR 1.39 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.43)] LTCs. Almost half of the sample (44.5%) had multimorbidity, and they were at nearly twice the odds of probable sarcopenia [OR 1.96 (95% CI: 1.91, 2.02)] compared with those without.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We have shown an overall prevalence of 5.3% of probable sarcopenia at ages 40\u201370 in UK Biobank. The risk of probable sarcopenia was higher in those with some categories of LTCs, suggesting that these groups may stand to benefit from assessment of sarcopenia, during mid\u2010life as well as old age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]],"date-time":"2019-12-30T13:03:23Z","timestamp":1577711003000},"page":"62-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":172,"title":["Sarcopenia, long\u2010term conditions, and multimorbidity: findings from UK Biobank participants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4968-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard M.","family":"Dodds","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9247-899X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoneta","family":"Granic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK"},{"name":"Newcastle University Institute for Ageing Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1766-7269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sian M.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1283-6457","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avan A.","family":"Sayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AGE Research Group, NIHR Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre Newcastle University and Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Foundation Trust Newcastle upon Tyne UK"},{"name":"Newcastle University Institute for Ageing Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"361","article-title":"Associations of grip strength with cardiovascular, respiratory, and cancer outcomes and all cause mortality: prospective cohort study of half a million UK Biobank participants","volume":"1651","author":"Celis\u2010Morales CA","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afs194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afs191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"Sarcopenia","author":"Cruz\u2010Jentoft AJ","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1479972316679664"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12237"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29420"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehs463"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60240-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afw044"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-016-1421-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-019-1305-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03654835","article-title":"Can chronic multimorbidity explain the age\u2010related differences in strength, speed and balance in older adults ?","volume":"24","author":"Welmer A\u2010K","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aging Clin Exp Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-012-9385-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-98652016000100005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2017.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glx114"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afr051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0113637"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","unstructured":"UK Biobank.Resource 1421: body composition measurement protocol. 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