{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:08:51Z","timestamp":1791475731384,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D3.2 2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D3.2 2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005743","name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["D3.2 2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D3.2 2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low muscle strength is a powerful predictor of negative health\u2010related events and a key component of sarcopenia. The lack of normative values for muscle strength across ages hampers the practical appraisal of this parameter. The aim of the present study was to produce normative values for upper and lower extremity muscle strength across a wide spectrum of ages, in a large sample of community\u2010dwellers recruited in the Longevity check\u2010up (Lookup) 7+ project.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lookup 7+ is an ongoing project that started in June 2015 and conducted in unconventional settings (i.e. exhibitions, malls, and health promotion campaigns) across Italy with the aim of fostering the adoption of healthy lifestyles in the general population. Candidate participants are eligible for enrolment if they are 18+\u00a0years and provide written informed consent. Upper and lower extremity muscle strength is assessed by handgrip strength and five\u2010repetition chair\u2010stand [5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0sit\u2010to\u2010stand (STS)] tests, respectively. Cross\u2010sectional centile and normative values for handgrip strength and 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0STS tests from age 18 to 80+\u00a0years were generated for the two genders. Smoothed normative curves for the two tests were constructed for men and women using the lambda\u2010mu\u2010sigma method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 1 June 2015 to 30 May 2019, 11\u00a0448 participants were enrolled. The mean age of participants was 55.6\u00a0years (standard deviation: 11.5\u00a0years; range: 18\u201398\u00a0years), and 6382 (56%) were women. Normative values for handgrip strength and the 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0STS test, both absolute and normalized by body mass index, were obtained for men and women, stratified by age groups. Values of upper and lower extremity muscle strength across ages identified three periods in life: an increase to peak in young age and early adulthood (18\u201324\u00a0years), preservation through midlife (25\u201344\u00a0years), and a decline from midlife onwards (45+\u00a0years).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study established age\u2010specific and gender\u2010specific percentile reference values for handgrip strength and the 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a0STS test. The normative curves generated can be used to interpret the assessment of muscle strength in everyday practice for the early detection of individuals with or at risk of sarcopenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,4]],"date-time":"2020-11-04T21:47:20Z","timestamp":1604526440000},"page":"1562-1569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Normative values of muscle strength across ages in a \u2018real world\u2019 population: results from the longevity check\u2010up 7+ project"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Francesco","family":"Landi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI) Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u2018Agostino Gemelli\u2019 IRCCS  Rome Italy"},{"name":"Universit\u00e0 Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Institute of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Calvani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI) Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u2018Agostino Gemelli\u2019 IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Martone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI) Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u2018Agostino Gemelli\u2019 IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Salini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI) Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u2018Agostino Gemelli\u2019 IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Beatrice","family":"Zazzara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatric Medicine (CEMI) Fondazione Policlinico Universitario \u2018Agostino Gemelli\u2019 IRCCS  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Candeloro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento Universit\u00e0 G. 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