{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T14:36:28Z","timestamp":1788964588196,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sarcopenia often co\u2010occurs with osteoporosis in cross\u2010sectional studies. However, this association has rarely been studied in prospective studies. This study aimed to investigate the association between sarcopenia categories\u2014along with its individual components\u2014and incident osteoporosis in both middle\u2010aged and older men and women from the UK Biobank study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 168,682 participants (48.8% women, aged 37 to 70\u00a0years at baseline) were included in this prospective study. Categories of sarcopenia (pre\u2010sarcopenia and sarcopenia), and its individual components, were defined according to the EWGSOP2 criteria (2019). Associations with incident osteoporosis by sex were investigated using Cox\u2010proportional hazard models adjusted for socio\u2010demographic, lifestyle and health\u2010related factors, and morbidity count. Associations between categories of sarcopenia and incident osteoporosis were also investigated by age\u2010groups and subtype of osteoporosis (with and without pathological fractures).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After a median follow\u2010up of 7.4\u00a0years, 6296 participants were diagnosed with osteoporosis. When the analyses were adjusted for a range of relevant confounding factors, pre\u2010sarcopenia was associated with 1.3\u2010times higher risk of osteoporosis in men (HR: 1.30 [95% CI: 1.03 to 1.63]) but not in women, and sarcopenia was associated with 1.66\u2010times increased osteoporosis risk in women (HR: 1.66 [95% CI: 1.33 to 2.08]) but not in men compared with people without sarcopenia or pre\u2010sarcopenia. A similar magnitude of associations was found in osteoporosis without pathological fractures but weaker for those with pathological fractures. Within the individual components, low muscle mass (HR\n                      <jats:sub>women<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 1.36 [95% CI: 1.22 to 1.51] and HR\n                      <jats:sub>men<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 3.07 [95% CI: 1.68 to 5.59]), followed by slow gait speed (HR\n                      <jats:sub>women<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 1.30 [95% CI: 1.17 to 1.45] and HR\n                      <jats:sub>men<\/jats:sub>\n                      : 1.70 [95% CI: 1.43 to 2.02]), were associated with a higher risk of incident osteoporosis in both sexes. Low grip strength was associated with a higher risk of incident osteoporosis in men (HR: 1.38 [95% CI: 1.15 to 1.65]), but not in women. No significant interaction between the exposures and incident osteoporosis by age groups were identified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings demonstrated that pre\u2010sarcopenic men and sarcopenic women had a higher risk of developing osteoporosis even after adjustment for a large range of potential confounders. Considering that sarcopenia could be prevented, health interventions to improve physical capability may delay or prevent the onset of osteoporosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]],"date-time":"2021-07-15T08:17:57Z","timestamp":1626337077000},"page":"1179-1188","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Association of sarcopenia with incident osteoporosis: a prospective study of 168,682 UK biobank participants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4384-4962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fanny","family":"Petermann\u2010Rocha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"},{"name":"British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6136-8349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyn D.","family":"Ferguson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8969-9636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stuart R.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1622-7109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla\u2010La Mancha  Toledo Spain"},{"name":"CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid  Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1604-2593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naveed","family":"Sattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1802-7311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Siebert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Infection, Immunity &amp; Inflammation University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7190-9025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederick K.","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8898-7035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jill P.","family":"Pell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health and Wellbeing University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2612-3917","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Celis\u2010Morales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences University of Glasgow  Glasgow UK"},{"name":"Centre of Exercise Physiology Research (CIFE), Universidad Mayor  Santiago Chile"},{"name":"Human Performance Lab, Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Unit, University Cat\u00f3lica del Maule.  Talca 3466706 Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2015.04.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.08.047"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201708010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","unstructured":"IOF.Epidemiology: Broken Bones Broken Lives \u2010 United Kingdom.2020.https:\/\/www.osteoporosis.foundation\/sites\/iofbonehealth\/files\/2019\u201006\/7.%202018_EU6UK_Infographic_English.pdf. Accessed 18th November."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5152\/eurjrheum.2016.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S138000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2057-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3241-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-020-00709-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-016-3823-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2013.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-019-00540-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41999-018-0079-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-005-1944-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-020-00773-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","first-page":"642","article-title":"Low skeletal mass is an important predictor of osteoporosis in HIV\u2010infected men in India","volume":"68","author":"Dutta D","year":"2017","journal-title":"Endokrynol Pol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12359"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-016-0123-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.13605"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60404-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(07)60924-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.89.2.465"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","article-title":"Health and deprivation. Inequality and the North","volume":"10","author":"Townsend P","year":"1988","journal-title":"Health Policy (New York)"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2015.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60240-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114515004821"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-011-9297-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-016-3818-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2009.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/hmed.2018.79.5.253"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2018.33.e27"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwx246"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m131"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","first-page":"300","article-title":"New versus old guidelines for sarcopenia classification: What is the impact on prevalence and health outcomes?","volume":"49","author":"Petermann\u2010Rocha F","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)60175-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.12.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12501"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.12757","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcsm.12757","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.12757","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T03:30:46Z","timestamp":1764041446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.12757"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcsm.12757"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.12757","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-5991","2190-6009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-5991","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-6009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-01-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}