{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:59:48Z","timestamp":1787497188996,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631664000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Age\u2010related chronic low\u2010grade inflammation (inflammaging) is one of the proposed mechanisms behind sarcopenia. However, findings regarding inflammatory markers in sarcopenic older adults are conflicting. This study aimed to determine the association between inflammatory markers, prevalent as well as incident sarcopenia, sarcopenia\u2010defining parameters, quality of life (QoL), and physical activity in middle\u2010aged and older men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Men aged 40\u201379\u00a0years (mean 59.66\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.00y) were recruited from population registers in eight European centres for participation in the European Male Aging study (EMAS). Subjects were assessed at baseline (2003\u20132005) and again after a median follow\u2010up of 4.29\u00a0years. In 2577 participants, associations between baseline inflammatory markers [high\u2010sensitive C\u2010reactive protein (hs\u2010CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), albumin] and baseline physical activity (PASE) and QoL (SF\u201036) were analysed. In the Leuven and Manchester cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0447), data were available on muscle mass (whole\u2010body dual X\u2010ray absorptiometry) and strength. In this subgroup, cross\u2010sectional associations between baseline inflammatory markers and sarcopenia\u2010defining parameters (handgrip strength, chair stand test, appendicular lean mass, and gait speed) and prevalent sarcopenia were examined. In a further subgroup (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a0277), associations with knee extensor strength were explored. Longitudinally, predictive value of baseline inflammation on functional decline, physical activity, QoL, and incident sarcopenia was examined. Subgroup analyses were performed in subgroups with chronic inflammation and stratified by age. Linear and logistic regressions were used, adjusted for age, body mass index, centre, and smoking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At baseline, hs\u2010CRP and WBC were negatively associated with PASE score (hs\u2010CRP: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22127.920,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; and WBC: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22124.552,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and the physical component score of SF\u201036 (hs\u2010CRP: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22121.025,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; and WBC: \u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.364,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Baseline WBC levels were negatively associated with gait speed (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.013;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.025), quadriceps isometric 90\u00b0 (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22125.983;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.035) and isokinetic 60\u00b0\/s peak torque\/body weight (\u03b2\u00a0=\u00a0\u22125.532;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.027). The prevalence of sarcopenia at baseline was 18.1% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a081). Of those without sarcopenia at baseline, 64 (18.6%) satisfied criteria for sarcopenia at follow\u2010up. There were no significant associations between baseline inflammatory markers and either prevalent or incident sarcopenia, or change in level of sarcopenia\u2010defining parameters between baseline and follow\u2010up.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In middle\u2010aged and older men, hs\u2010CRP and WBC were negatively associated with QoL and PASE scores, while WBC was negatively associated with gait speed and knee strength. Associations with hs\u2010CRP remained significant in all ages, whereas WBC levels were only associated with PASE, gait speed and knee strength in older adults (60\u201379\u00a0years). Baseline inflammatory markers (hs\u2010CRP, WBC and albumin) did not predict functional decline, decline in physical activity, decreased QoL or incident sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12785","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,15]],"date-time":"2021-09-15T07:27:17Z","timestamp":1631690837000},"page":"1818-1831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Inflammatory markers are associated with quality of life, physical activity, and gait speed but not sarcopenia in aged men (40\u201379\u00a0years)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5336-2791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolan","family":"Dupont","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine UZ 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Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1395-0104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Vanderschueren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism KU Leuven  Leuven Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6164-4278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Rastrelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology, Women's Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Mario Serio \u2018Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences\u2019 University of Florence  Florence 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