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Treatment consists of induction and consolidation chemotherapy to remit the cancer followed by potentially curative haematopoietic cell transplantation. These intense treatments are debilitating and increase the risk of mortality. Patient stratification is used to mitigate this risk and considers a variety of factors, including body mass, to determine whether a patient is suitable for any or all treatment options. Skeletal muscle mass, the primary constituent of the body lean mass, may be a better predictor of patient suitability for, and outcomes of, AML treatment. Yet skeletal muscle is compromised by a variety of factors associated with AML and its clinical treatment consistent with cachexia, a life\u2010threatening body wasting syndrome. Cachectic muscle wasting is associated with both cancer and anticancer chemotherapy. Although not traditionally associated with haematological cancers, cachexia is observed in AML and can have dire consequences. In this review, we discuss the importance of addressing skeletal muscle mass and cachexia within the AML clinical landscape in view of improving survivability of this disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]],"date-time":"2021-12-08T17:52:10Z","timestamp":1638985930000},"page":"42-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Cachectic muscle wasting in acute myeloid leukaemia: a sleeping giant with dire clinical consequences"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dean G.","family":"Campelj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS) Victoria University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)  St Albans Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4567-4319","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cara A.","family":"Timpani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS) Victoria University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)  St Albans Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine\u2014Western Health, Melbourne Medical School The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4854-0036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Rybalka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS) Victoria University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)  St Albans Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine\u2014Western Health, Melbourne Medical School The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31041-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lrr.2016.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41574-018-0062-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2018.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3829"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13143615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-018-3508-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12185-021-03122-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","unstructured":"National Cancer Institute.Cancer stat facts: leukemia\u2014acute myeloid leukemia (AML). 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