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However, complete statin intolerance occurs in only a small minority of treated patients (estimated prevalence of only 3\u20135%). Many perceived AEs are misattributed (e.g. physical musculoskeletal injury and inflammatory myopathies), and subjective symptoms occur as a result of the fact that patients expect them to do so when taking medicines (the nocebo\/drucebo effect)\u2014what might be truth even for over 50% of all patients with muscle weakness\/pain. Clear guidance is necessary to enable the optimal management of plasma in real\u2010world clinical practice in patients who experience subjective AEs. In this Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP), we present a step\u2010by\u2010step patient\u2010centred approach to the identification and management of SAMS with a particular focus on strategies to prevent and manage the nocebo\/drucebo effect and to improve long\u2010term compliance with lipid\u2010lowering therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,10]],"date-time":"2022-03-10T23:01:21Z","timestamp":1646953281000},"page":"1596-1622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Step\u2010by\u2010step diagnosis and management of the nocebo\/drucebo effect in statin\u2010associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from <i>the International Lipid Expert Panel<\/i> (ILEP)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Peter E.","family":"Penson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and 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