{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T20:57:57Z","timestamp":1794344277641,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002997","name":"Nierstichting","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E.033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E.033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002997","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Creatinine is the most widely used test to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), but muscle mass as key determinant of creatinine next to renal function may confound such estimates. We explored effects of 24\u2010h height\u2010indexed creatinine excretion rate (CER index) on GFR estimated with creatinine (eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), muscle mass\u2010independent cystatin C (eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cys<\/jats:sub>\n                      ), and the combination of creatinine and cystatin C (eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr\u2010Cys<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and predicted probabilities of discordant classification given age, sex, and CER index.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We included 8076 adults enrolled in the PREVEND study. Discordant classification was defined as not having eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0&lt;60\u00a0mL\/min per 1.73\u00a0m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      when eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cys<\/jats:sub>\n                      was &lt;60\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Baseline effects of age and sex on CER index were quantified with linear models using generalized least squares. Baseline effects of CER index on eGFR were quantified with quantile regression and logistic regression. Effects of annual changes in CER index on trajectories of eGFR were quantified with linear mixed\u2010effects models. Missing observations in covariates were multiply imputed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mean (SD) CER index was 8.0 (1.7) and 6.1 (1.3) mmol\/24 h per meter in male and female participants, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>difference<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). In male participants, baseline CER index increased until 45\u00a0years of age followed by a gradual decrease, whereas a gradual decrease across the entire range of age was observed in female participants. For a 70\u2010year\u2010old male participant with low muscle mass (CER index of 2\u00a0mmol\/24 h per meter), predicted baseline eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr<\/jats:sub>\n                      and eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cys<\/jats:sub>\n                      disagreed by 24.7\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (and 30.1\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      when creatinine was not corrected for race). Percentages (95% CI) of discordant classification in male and female participants aged 60\u00a0years and older with low muscle mass were 18.5% (14.8\u201322.1%) and 15.2% (11.4\u201318.5%), respectively. For a 70\u2010year\u2010old male participant who lost muscle during follow\u2010up, eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr<\/jats:sub>\n                      and eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cys<\/jats:sub>\n                      disagreed by 1.5, 5.0, 8.5, and 12.0\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (and 6.7, 10.7, 13.5, and 15.9\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      when creatinine was not corrected for race) at baseline, 5\u00a0years, 10\u00a0years, and 15\u00a0years of follow\u2010up, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Low muscle mass may cause considerable overestimation of single measurements of eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Muscle wasting may cause spurious overestimation of repeatedly measured eGFR\n                      <jats:sub>Cr<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Implementing muscle mass\u2010independent markers for estimating renal function, like cystatin C as superior alternative to creatinine, is crucial to accurately assess renal function in settings of low muscle mass or muscle wasting. This would also eliminate the negative consequences of current race\u2010based approaches.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12969","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T03:41:00Z","timestamp":1653104460000},"page":"2031-2043","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Muscle mass and estimates of renal function: a longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1886-4451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dion","family":"Groothof","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8645-1627","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Post","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7458-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harmke A.","family":"Polinder\u2010Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center Erasmus University Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9370-6832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole S.","family":"Erler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center Erasmus University Rotterdam  Rotterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6094-2206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jose L.","family":"Flores\u2010Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1394-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenny E.","family":"Kootstra\u2010Ros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2236-5233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert A.","family":"Pol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular and Transplantation Surgery University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4127-8733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin H.","family":"de Borst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3223-0906","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ron T.","family":"Gansevoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5481-2387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reinold O.B.","family":"Gans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0011-115X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daan","family":"Kremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8028-6488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyanne M.","family":"Kieneker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0956-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arjola","family":"Bano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM) University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Bern University Hospital, University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3235-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taulant","family":"Muka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM) University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4606-4929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oscar H.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM) University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3356-6791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan J.L.","family":"Bakker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen  Groningen the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"Physiology of the Human Kidney","author":"Wesson LG","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra054415"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-11-201306040-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/kisup.2012.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125\u2010021\u201005614\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"2106","article-title":"Efpeglenatide and heart and kidney outcomes in type 2 diabetes","volume":"385","author":"Groothof D","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/37.3.478"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/38.10.1933"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-85-20912"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03002908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1114248"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2102953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581\u2010021\u201000498\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls","volume":"339","author":"Sterne JAC","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7654"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051603"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2103753"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-130-6-199903160-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-019-0627-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1214234"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(16)30156-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1811744"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.55.6520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.3.356"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.11141113"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.119.006326"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-1910"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.50.1.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01150211"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/87.1.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/62.12.1375"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/83.5.1142"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/84.3.475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2016.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj2680287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.0602"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2013.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2004.00517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00925.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/45.10.1866"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12899"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.12969","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcsm.12969","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.12969","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,31]],"date-time":"2024-01-31T04:01:28Z","timestamp":1706673688000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.12969"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcsm.12969"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.12969","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-5991","2190-6009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-5991","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-6009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-05-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}