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Automated segmentation of CT has advanced past single slices to multi\u2010slice measurements, but the concordance of these approaches and their associations with mortality after cancer diagnosis have not been compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2871 patients with colorectal cancer diagnosed during 2012\u20132017 at Kaiser Permanente Northern California underwent abdominal CT scans as part of routine clinical care from which mid\u2010L3 cross\u2010sectional areas and multi\u2010slice T12\u2013L5 volumes of skeletal muscle (SKM), subcutaneous adipose (SAT), visceral adipose (VAT) and intermuscular adipose (IMAT) tissues were assessed using Data Analysis Facilitation Suite, an automated multi\u2010slice segmentation platform. To facilitate comparison between single\u2010slice and multi\u2010slice measurements, sex\u2010specific z\u2010scores were calculated. Pearson correlation coefficients and Bland\u2013Altman analysis were used to quantify agreement. Cox models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death adjusting for age, sex, race\/ethnicity, height, and tumour site and stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010slice area and multi\u2010slice abdominal volumes were highly correlated for all tissues (SKM <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.92, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; SAT <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.97, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; VAT <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.98, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; IMAT <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.89, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Bland\u2013Altman plots had a bias of 0 (SE: 0.00), indicating high average agreement between measures. The limits of agreement were narrowest for VAT (\n\u20090.42 SD) and SAT (\n\u20090.44 SD), and widest for SKM (\n\u20090.78 SD) and IMAT (\n\u20090.92 SD). The HRs had overlapping CIs, and similar magnitudes and direction of effects; for example, a 1\u2010SD increase in SKM area was associated with an 18% decreased risk of death (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.82; 95% CI: 0.72\u20130.92), versus 15% for volume from T12 to L5 (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.85; 95% CI: 0.75\u20130.96).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010slice L3 areas and multi\u2010slice T12\u2013L5 abdominal volumes of SKM, VAT, SAT and IMAT are highly correlated. Associations between area and volume measures with all\u2010cause mortality were similar, suggesting that they are equivalent tools for population studies if body composition is assessed at a single timepoint. Future research should examine longitudinal changes in multi\u2010slice tissues to improve individual risk prediction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,2]],"date-time":"2022-09-02T05:18:53Z","timestamp":1662095933000},"page":"2974-2984","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Body composition from single versus multi\u2010slice abdominal computed tomography: Concordance and associations with colorectal cancer survival"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ijeamaka","family":"Anyene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bette","family":"Caan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Research Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland CA 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