{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T10:45:32Z","timestamp":1790073932298,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]],"date-time":"2023-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001029","name":"Department of Defence, Australian Government","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH2110187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH2110187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001029","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Injection of exogenous mitochondria has been shown to improve the ischaemia\u2010damaged myocardium, but the effect of mitochondrial transplant therapy (MTT) to restore skeletal muscle mass and function has not been tested following neuromuscular injury. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that MTT would improve the restoration of muscle function after injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>BaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was injected into the gastrocnemius muscle of one limb of 8\u201312\u2010week\u2010old C57BL\/6 mice to induce damage without injury to the resident stem cells. The contralateral gastrocnemius muscle was injected with phosphate\u2010buffered saline (PBS) and served as the non\u2010injured intra\u2010animal control. Mitochondria were isolated from donor mice. Donor mitochondria were suspended in PBS or PBS without mitochondria (sham treatment) and injected into the tail vein of BaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> injured mice 24\u00a0h after the initial injury. Muscle repair was examined 7, 14 and 21\u00a0days after injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MTT did not increase systemic inflammation in mice. Muscle mass 7\u00a0days following injury was 21.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.1% and 17.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.9% lower (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in injured as compared with non\u2010injured intra\u2010animal control muscles in phosphate\u2010buffered saline (PBS)\u2010 and MTT\u2010treated animals, respectively. Maximal plantar flexor muscle force was significantly lower in injured as compared with uninjured muscles of PBS\u2010treated (\u221243.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and MTT\u2010treated mice (\u221247.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), but the reduction in force was not different between the experimental groups. The percentage of collagen and other non\u2010contractile tissue in histological muscle cross sections, was significantly greater in injured muscles of PBS\u2010treated mice (33.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2%) compared with MTT\u2010treated mice (26.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.2%) 7\u00a0days after injury. Muscle wet weight and maximal muscle force from injured MTT\u2010treated mice had recovered to control levels by 14\u00a0days after the injury. However, muscle mass and force had not improved in PBS\u2010treated animals by 14\u00a0days after injury. The non\u2010contractile composition of the gastrocnemius muscle tissue cross sections was not different between control, repaired PBS\u2010treated and repaired MTT\u2010treated mice 14\u00a0days after injury. By 21\u00a0days following injury, PBS\u2010treated mice had fully restored gastrocnemius muscle mass of the injured muscle to that of the uninjured muscle, although maximal plantar flexion force was still 19.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.7% (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) lower in injured\/repaired gastrocnemius as compared with uninjured intra\u2010animal control muscles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggest that systemic mitochondria delivery can enhance the rate of muscle regeneration and restoration of muscle function following injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13153","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,6]],"date-time":"2023-01-06T05:47:32Z","timestamp":1672984052000},"page":"493-507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Mitochondria transplant therapy improves regeneration and restoration of injured skeletal muscle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0378-4707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen E.","family":"Alway","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Tennessee Institute of Regenerative Medicine  Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hector G.","family":"Paez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Center for Muscle, Metabolism and Neuropathology, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Integrated Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, College of Graduate Health Sciences University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Pitzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Division of Regenerative and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions University of Tennessee Health Science Center  Memphis TN USA"},{"name":"Center 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