{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:37:51Z","timestamp":1792024671033,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A common method for diagnosing sarcopenia involves estimating the muscle mass by computed tomography (CT) via measurements of the cross\u2010sectional muscle area (CSMA) of all muscles at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) level. Recently, single\u2010muscle measurements of the psoas major muscle at L3 have emerged as a surrogate for sarcopenia detection, but its reliability and accuracy remain to be demonstrated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective cross\u2010sectional study involved 29 healthcare establishments and recruited patients with metastatic cancers. The correlation between skeletal muscle index (SMI\u00a0=\u00a0CSMA of all muscles at L3\/height<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and psoas muscle index (PMI\u00a0=\u00a0CSMA of psoas at L3\/height<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) was determined (Pearson's <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>). ROC curves were prepared based on SMI data from a development population (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0488) to estimate suitable PMI thresholds. International low SMI cut\u2010offs according to gender were studied for males (&lt;55cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and for females (&lt;39\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Youden's index (<jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic>) and Cohen's kappa (\u03ba) were calculated to estimate the test's accuracy and reliability. PMI cut\u2010offs were validated in a validation population (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0243) by estimating the percentage concordance of sarcopenia diagnoses with the SMI thresholds.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven hundred and sixty\u2010six patients were analysed (mean age 65.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011.8\u00a0years, 50.1% female). Low SMI prevalence was 69.1%. Correlation between the SMI and PMI for the entire population was 0.69 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0731, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01). PMI cut\u2010offs for sarcopenia were estimated in the development population at &lt;6.6cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> in males and at &lt;4.8\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> for females. The <jats:italic>J<\/jats:italic> and \u03ba coefficients for PMI diagnostic tests were weak. The PMI cut\u2010offs were tested in the validation population where 33.3% of the PMI measurements were dichotomously discordant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A diagnostic test employing single\u2010muscle measurements of the psoas major muscle as a surrogate for sarcopenia detection was evaluated but found to be unreliable. The CSMA of all muscles must be considered for evaluating cancer sarcopenia at L3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13230","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T05:40:43Z","timestamp":1684474843000},"page":"1613-1620","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Psoas muscle index is not representative of skeletal muscle index for evaluating cancer sarcopenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5286-7883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Pigneur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging Henri Mondor University Hospitals, AP\u2010HP  Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Di Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancerology American Hospital of Paris  Neuilly\u2010sur\u2010Seine France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Raynard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Gustave\u2010Roussy Institute  Villejuif France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aymeric","family":"Guibal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Perpignan Hospital Center  Perpignan France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department European Hospital of Marseille  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nassima","family":"Daidj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging Paoli\u2010Calmette Institute  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Aziza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging The Toulouse University\u2010Institute of Cancer  Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"El Hajjam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Ambroise\u2010Par\u00e9 Hospital APHP\u2010Paris Saclay  Boulogne France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Medical Imaging Timone Hospital CHU Marseille  Marseille France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Goldwasser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cochin Hospital, AP\u2010HP, CARPEM Paris Cit\u00e9 University  Paris 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