{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T02:33:37Z","timestamp":1792290817941,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682985600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017684","name":"Japan Dairy Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017684","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcopenic obesity, a combination of sarcopenia and obesity, is a pathological feature of type 2 diabetes. Several human studies have shown that milk is useful in the prevention of sarcopenia. This study was aimed at clarifying the effect of milk on the prevention of sarcopenic obesity in <jats:italic>db\/db<\/jats:italic> mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized and investigator\u2010blinded study was conducted using male <jats:italic>db\/db<\/jats:italic> mice. Eight\u2010week\u2010old <jats:italic>db\/db<\/jats:italic> mice were housed for 8\u00a0weeks and fed milk (100\u00a0\u03bcL\/day) using a sonde. The faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) group received antibiotics for 2\u00a0weeks, starting at 6\u00a0weeks of age, followed by FMT twice a week until 16\u00a0weeks of age.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Milk administration to <jats:italic>db\/db<\/jats:italic> mice increased grip strength (Milk\u2212: 164.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.7\u00a0g, Milk+: 230.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a056.0\u00a0g, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.017), muscle mass (soleus muscle, Milk\u2212: 164.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.7\u00a0mg, Milk+: 230.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a056.0\u00a0mg, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; plantaris muscle, Milk\u2212: 13.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.2\u00a0mg, Milk+: 16.0\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7\u00a0mg, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and decreased visceral fat mass (Milk\u2212: 2.39\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.08\u00a0g, Milk+: 1.98\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.04\u00a0mg, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), resulting in a significant increase in physical activity (light: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.013, dark: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.034). FMT from mice fed milk not only improved sarcopenic obesity but also significantly improved glucose intolerance. Microarray analysis of gene expression in the small intestine revealed that the expression of amino acid absorption transporter genes, namely, <jats:italic>SIc7a5<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.010), <jats:italic>SIc7a1<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015), <jats:italic>Ppp1r15a<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.041) and <jats:italic>SIc7a11<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.029), was elevated in mice fed milk. In 16S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota, the genus <jats:italic>Akkermansia<\/jats:italic> was increased in both the mice fed milk and the FMT group from the mice fed milk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of this study suggest that besides increasing the intake of nutrients, such as amino acids, milk consumption also changes the intestinal environment, which might contribute to the mechanism of milk\u2010induced improvement of sarcopenic obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,3]],"date-time":"2023-05-03T06:21:56Z","timestamp":1683094916000},"page":"1395-1409","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Milk protects against sarcopenic obesity due to increase in the genus <i>Akkermansia<\/i> in faeces of <i>db\/db<\/i> mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7269-1697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuro","family":"Okamura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8651-4445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahide","family":"Hamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanako","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuko","family":"Kitagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saori","family":"Majima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Senmaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emi","family":"Ushigome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoko","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryoichi","family":"Sasano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AiSTI SCIENCE CO., Ltd.  Wakayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiaki","family":"Fukui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"IDF Diabetes Atlas|Tenth Edition.https:\/\/diabetesatlas.org\/. Accessed 20 October 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2013.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Global Strategy on Diet Physical Activity and Health.2004.https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9241592222. Accessed 20 October 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S186600"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2010.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10112581"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","unstructured":"Composition of Foods Raw Processed Prepared USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release 28|Ag Data Commons.https:\/\/data.nal.usda.gov\/dataset\/composition\u2010foods\u2010raw\u2010processed\u2010prepared\u2010usda\u2010national\u2010nutrient\u2010database\u2010standard\u2010reference\u2010release\u201028\u20100. Accessed 21 October 2022."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-015-3121-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CIA.S245595"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101262"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201900603"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2015.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1601554"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2534"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18262-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Gut\u2010joint axis: the role of physical exercise on gut microbiota modulation in older people with osteoarthritis","volume":"12","author":"Sire A","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-0332-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"26","article-title":"Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in disease","volume":"26","author":"Carding S","year":"2015","journal-title":"Microb Ecol Health Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2012.6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijs.0.02873-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.001399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-021-02427-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carres.2015.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-308778"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coph.2019.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2017.01765"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7FO01780D"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14876"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins13070472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Moderate\u2010intensity exercise affects gut microbiome composition and influences cardiac function in myocardial infarction mice","volume":"8","author":"Liu Z","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000826"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.105049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41366-021-00841-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8091360"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12899"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.13245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,29]],"date-time":"2023-12-29T04:09:48Z","timestamp":1703822988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.13245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcsm.13245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.13245","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-5991","2190-6009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-5991","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-6009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-03","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-05-02","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}