{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T05:36:02Z","timestamp":1791005762139,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022J011503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022J011503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Measurement of muscle mass is important in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Current measurement equipment are neither cost\u2010effective nor standardized and cannot be used in a variety of medical settings. Some simple measurement tools have been proposed that are subjective and unvalidated. We aimed to develop and validate a new estimation equation in a more objective and standardized way, based on current proven variables that accurately reflect muscle mass.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional analysis with The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database for equation development and validation. Overall, 9875 participants were included for development (6913 participants) and validation (2962 participants), for whom the database included demographic data, physical measurements, and main biochemical indicators. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was estimated by dual\u2010energy x\u2010ray absorptiometry (DXA) and low muscle mass was defined by reference to five international diagnostic criteria. Linear regression was used to estimate the logarithm of the actual ASM from demographic data, physical measurements, and biochemical indicators.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study of 9875 participants comprised 4492 females (49.0%), with a weighted mean (SE) age of 41.83 (0.36) years and range of 12 to 85\u00a0years. The estimated ASM equations performed well in the validation data set. The variability in estimated ASM was low compared with the actual ASM (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>: Equation 1\u00a0=\u00a00.91, Equation 4\u00a0=\u00a00.89), with low bias (median difference: Equation 1\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.64, Equation 4\u00a0=\u00a00.07; root mean square error: Equation 1\u00a0=\u00a01.70 [1.69\u20131.70], Equation 4\u00a0=\u00a01.85 [1.84\u20131.86]), high precision (interquartile range of the differences: Equation 1\u00a0=\u00a01.87, Equation 4\u00a0=\u00a02.17), and high efficacy in diagnosing low muscle mass (area under the curve: Equation 1\u00a0=\u00a00.91 to 0.95, Equation 4\u00a0=\u00a00.90 to 0.94).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The estimated ASM equations are accurate and simple and can be routinely applied clinically to estimate ASM and thus assess sarcopenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,19]],"date-time":"2023-05-19T06:48:50Z","timestamp":1684478930000},"page":"1753-1761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A more accurate method to estimate muscle mass: A new estimation equation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Shi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University  Longyan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weihua","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University  Longyan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhou","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaihong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University  Longyan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Longyan First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University  Longyan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Statistical Science, Department of Industrial Engineering Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169548"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-014-0281-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2017.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2017.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12030755"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.655759"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2017.01.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148495"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.897774"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/43.6.1016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31138-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/56.1.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2011.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"National health and nutrition examination survey: analytic guidelines, 1999\u20102010. 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