{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T03:19:06Z","timestamp":1787800746811,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although sarcopenia has been recognized as a predictor of mortality in elderly patients with hip fracture, the association of thigh fat and muscle with cardiovascular (CV) outcome remains unclear. We examined the impact of computed tomography (CT)\u2010derived shape features of thigh fat and muscle on major adverse CV events (MACE) in elderly patients with hip fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients aged \u226565\u00a0years who presented with hip fracture confirmed on pelvic bone CT scan and underwent hip fracture surgery at our institution from April 2019 to December 2021. The cross\u2010sectional area (CSA) and compactness (CM) of both the muscle and fat at the upper\u2010thigh level were calculated from two\u2010dimensional CT images using AVIEW Research (v1.1.38, Coreline Soft, Co. Ltd, Seoul, South Korea). The shape features of thigh fat and muscle were categorized into four groups based on the combination of CSA and CM: fat CSA (fat area [FA])\/fat CM (FCM), muscle CSA (muscle area [MA])\/muscle CM (MCM), FA\/MCM and MA\/FCM. In each of them, subjects were categorized into four subgroups: high CSA\/high CM, high CSA\/low CM, low CSA\/high CM and low CSA\/low CM. The primary outcome was MACE after 30\u00a0days of surgery, defined as a composite of all\u2010cause death, acute myocardial infarction, stroke or hospitalization for heart failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 356 patients enrolled (median age, 82\u00a0years; 76.7% females), 72 (20.2%) had MACE over a median follow\u2010up of 13.1\u00a0months (ranges 5.9\u201321.0\u00a0months). Patients with MACE had a significantly lower median FA (193.7 vs. 226.2\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and FCM (0.443 vs. 0.513, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001) compared with those without MACE, but no significant differences were found in MA, MCM and FA\u2013MA ratio between the two groups. In a multivariate Cox regression analysis, low FA (&lt;240.1\u00a0cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.39\u20136.44, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005) and low FCM (&lt;0.477) (adjusted HR 2.00, 95% CI 1.10\u20133.63, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.023) were associated with an increased risk of MACE. Among the shape phenotypes of thigh fat and muscle, the thigh fat phenotype of low FA\/low FCM (adjusted HR 3.13, 95% CI 1.81\u20135.42, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001 [reference, high FA\/high FCM]) was found to be an independent predictor of MACE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In elderly patients with fragility hip fracture, thigh CT\u2010derived measures of FA and FCM may provide useful prognostic information for predicting adverse CV outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T03:33:25Z","timestamp":1703216005000},"page":"331-341","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Shape phenotype of thigh fat and muscle and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events after fragility hip fracture"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sheen\u2010Woo","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung\u2010Chan","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2614-6983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong\u2010Eun","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea  1021 Tongil\u2010ro, Eunpyeong\u2010gu Seoul 03312 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0332-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-1964-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afp221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2018.02.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1714"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.595538"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3242"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04686-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103519"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2000.89.1.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2023.112159"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2018.0022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2018.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2019.00861"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.13050"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-022-06415-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2022.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glac112"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12845"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-015-2832-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-021-05227-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/309570"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.28047"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"513","article-title":"Body composition remodeling and mortality: the Health Aging and Body Composition Study","volume":"72","author":"Santanasto AJ","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169548"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2018.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.gme.0000222331.23478.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/61.1.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gln031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2007.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0126175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46899-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/71.4.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800777"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/57.5.M326"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2008.627"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1637-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","first-page":"82","article-title":"Association of muscle strength and gait speed with cross\u2010sectional muscle area determined by mid\u2010thigh computed tomography\u2014a comparison with skeletal muscle mass measured by dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry","volume":"9","author":"Tsukasaki K","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Frailty Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12899"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.13407","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,2]],"date-time":"2024-02-02T02:29:39Z","timestamp":1706840979000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.13407"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcsm.13407"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.13407","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-5991","2190-6009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-5991","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-6009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-06-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-11-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-12-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}