{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T11:39:27Z","timestamp":1790854767352,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BB\/P005004\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BB\/P005004\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bed\u2010rest (BR) of only a few days duration reduces muscle protein synthesis and induces skeletal muscle atrophy and insulin resistance, but the scale and juxtaposition of these events have not been investigated concurrently in the same individuals. Moreover, the impact of short\u2010term exercise\u2010supplemented remobilization (ESR) on muscle volume, protein turnover and leg glucose uptake (LGU) in humans is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten healthy males (24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01\u00a0years, body mass index 22.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.6\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) underwent 3\u00a0days of BR, followed immediately by 3\u00a0days of ESR consisting of 5\u00a0\u00d7\u00a030 maximal voluntary single\u2010leg isokinetic knee extensions at 90\u00b0\/s each day. An isoenergetic diet was maintained throughout the study (30% fat, 15% protein and 55% carbohydrate). Resting LGU was calculated from arterialized\u2010venous versus venous difference across the leg and leg blood flow during the steady\u2010state of a 3\u2010h hyperinsulinaemic\u2013euglycaemic clamp (60\u00a0mU\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\/min) measured before BR, after BR and after remobilization. Glycogen content was measured in <jats:italic>vastus lateralis<\/jats:italic> muscle biopsy samples obtained before and after each clamp. Leg muscle volume (LMV) was measured using magnetic resonance imaging before BR, after BR and after remobilization. Cumulative myofibrillar protein fractional synthetic rate (FSR) and whole\u2010body muscle protein breakdown (MPB) were measured over the course of BR and remobilization using deuterium oxide and 3\u2010methylhistidine stable isotope tracers that were administered orally.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with before BR, there was a 45% decline in insulin\u2010stimulated LGU (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) after BR, which was paralleled by a reduction in insulin\u2010stimulated leg blood flow (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) and removal of insulin\u2010stimulated muscle glycogen storage. These events were accompanied by a 43% reduction in myofibrillar protein FSR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and a 2.5% decrease in LMV (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) during BR, along with a 30% decline in whole\u2010body MPB after 2\u00a0days of BR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Myofibrillar protein FSR and LMV were restored by 3\u00a0days of ESR (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01, respectively) but not by ambulation alone. However, insulin\u2010stimulated LGU and muscle glycogen storage were not restored by ESR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three days of BR caused concurrent reductions in LMV, myofibrillar protein FSR, myofibrillar protein breakdown and insulin\u2010stimulated LGU, leg blood flow and muscle glycogen storage in healthy, young volunteers. Resistance ESR restored LMV and myofibrillar protein FSR, but LGU and muscle glycogen storage remained depressed, highlighting divergences in muscle fuel and protein metabolism. Furthermore, ambulation alone did not restore LMV and myofibrillar protein FSR in the non\u2010exercised contralateral limb, emphasizing the importance of exercise rehabilitation following even short\u2010term BR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13431","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T08:04:23Z","timestamp":1707725063000},"page":"603-614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Bed\u2010rest and exercise remobilization: Concurrent adaptations in muscle glucose and protein metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6622-2525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie F.","family":"Shur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research Versus Arthritis, School of Life Sciences University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre  Nottingham 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