{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:41:38Z","timestamp":1792086098129,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Altered gut microbiota (GM) potentially contribute to development or worsening of sarcopenia through a gut\u2010muscle axis. This systematic review aims to compare GM between persons with sarcopenia or low sarcopenia\u2010defining parameters (muscle mass, strength, and physical performance) to those with preserved muscle status, as well as to clarify possible associations between sarcopenia (\u2010defining parameters) and relative abundance (RA) of GM\u2010taxa or GM\u2010(\u03b1\u2010 or \u03b2) diversity indices, in order to clarify whether there is robust evidence of the existence of a GM signature for sarcopenia. This systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA\u2010reporting guideline and pre\u2010registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021259597). PubMed, Web of Science, Embase,\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    , and Cochrane library were searched until 20 July 2023. Included studies reported on GM and sarcopenia or its defining parameters. Observational studies were included with populations of mean age \u226550\u00a0years. Thirty\u2010two studies totalling 10\u00a0781 persons (58.56% \u2640) were included. Thirteen studies defined sarcopenia as a construct. Nineteen studies reported at least one sarcopenia\u2010defining parameter (muscle mass, strength or physical performance). Studies found different GM\u2010taxa at multiple levels to be significantly associated with sarcopenia (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a04\/6), muscle mass (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a013\/14), strength (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a07\/9), and physical performance (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a03\/3); however, directions of associations were heterogeneous and also conflicting for specific GM\u2010taxa. Regarding \u03b2\u2010diversity, studies found GM of persons with sarcopenia, low muscle mass, or low strength to cluster differently compared with persons with preserved muscle status. \u03b1\u2010diversity was low in persons with sarcopenia or low muscle mass as compared with those with preserved muscle status, indicating low richness and diversity. In line with this, \u03b1\u2010diversity was significantly and positively associated with muscle mass (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a03\/4) and muscle strength (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a02\/3). All reported results were significant (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Persons with sarcopenia and low muscle parameters have less rich and diverse GM and can be separated from persons with preserved muscle mass and function based on GM\u2010composition. Sarcopenia and low muscle parameters are also associated with different GM\u2010taxa at multiple levels, but results were heterogeneous and no causal conclusions could be made due to the cross\u2010sectional design of the studies. This emphasizes the need for uniformly designed cross\u2010sectional and longitudinal trials with appropriate GM confounder control in large samples of persons with sarcopenia and clearly defined core outcome sets in order to further explore changes in GM\u2010taxa and to determine a sarcopenia\u2010specific GM\u2010signature.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T01:10:02Z","timestamp":1724807402000},"page":"2190-2207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Associations between gut microbiota and sarcopenia or its defining parameters in older adults: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9546-8532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurence","family":"Lapauw","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health 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