{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T08:38:03Z","timestamp":1787647083618,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82372576"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82372576"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82272613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82272613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82002403"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82002403"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82101407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82101407"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82102672"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82102672"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022JJ40777"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022JJ40777"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2024JJ5608"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JJ5608"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The optimal exercise regimen for alleviating sarcopenia remains uncertain. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of high\u2010intensity interval training (HIIT) over moderate\u2010intensity continuous training (MICT) in ameliorating sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a randomized crossover trial to evaluate plasma proteomic reactions to acute HIIT (four 4\u2010min high\u2010intensity intervals at 70% maximal capacity alternating with 4\u2009min at 30%) versus MICT (constant 50% maximal capacity) in inactive adults. We explored the relationship between a HIIT\u2010specific protein relative to MICT, identified via comparative proteomic analysis, eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 epsilon 1 (EEF1E1) and sarcopenia in a paired case\u2013control study of elderly individuals (aged over 65). Young (3\u2009months old) and aged (20\u2009months old) mice were randomized to sedentary, HIIT and MICT groups (five sessions\/week for 4\u2009weeks;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098 for each group). Measurements included skeletal muscle index, hand grip strength, expression of atrophic markers Atrogin1 and MuRF1 and differentiation markers MyoD, myogenin and MyHC\u2010II via western blotting. We examined the impact of EEF1E1 siRNA and recombinant protein on D\u2010galactose\u2010induced myoblast senescence, measuring senescence\u2010associated \u03b2\u2010galactosidase and markers like p21 and p53.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The crossover trial, including 10 sedentary adults (32\u2009years old, IQR 31\u201332) demonstrated significant alterations in the abundance of 21 plasma proteins after HIIT compared with MICT. In the paired case\u2013control study of 84 older adults (84\u2009years old, IQR 69\u201381; 52% female), EEF1E1 was significantly increased in those with sarcopenia compared to those without (14.68 [95%CI, 2.02\u201327.34] pg\/mL,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.03) and was associated with skeletal muscle index (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.51,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and hand grip strength (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.54,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). In the preclinical study, aged mice exhibited higher EEF1E1 mRNA and protein levels in skeletal muscle compared to young mice, accompanied by a lower muscle mass and strength, increased cellular senescence and protein degradation markers and reduced muscle differentiation efficiency (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). HIIT reduced EEF1E1 expression and mitigated age\u2010related muscle decline and atrophy in aged mice more effectively than MICT. Notably, EEF1E1 downregulation via siRNA significantly counteracted D\u2010galactose\u2010induced myoblast senescence as evidenced by reduced markers of muscle protein degradation and improved muscle differentiation efficiency (all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Conversely, treatments that increased EEF1E1 levels accelerated the senescence process (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Further exploration indicated that the decrease in EEF1E1 was associated with increased SIRT1 level and enhanced autophagy.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights the potential of HIIT as a promising approach to prevent and treat sarcopenia while also highlighting EEF1E1 as a potential intervention target.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13600","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T07:30:40Z","timestamp":1726299040000},"page":"2574-2585","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["High\u2010Intensity Interval Training Mitigates Sarcopenia and Suppresses the Myoblast Senescence Regulator EEF1E1"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Yaoshan","family":"Dun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kangling","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siqian","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas\u00a0P.","family":"Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo Clinic  Rochester Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqiong","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baiyang","family":"You","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1410-7963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suixin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, Department of Physical Medicine &amp; Rehabilitation Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"},{"name":"National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha Hunan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-021-00136-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCC.0000000000000488"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.615849"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2009.27543"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12783"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afab134"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2017.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2019.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2019.04.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-019-0907-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glu313"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4378"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-015-0502-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3000410"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-0707.136338"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1260419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky1049"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-014-9724-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14336\/AD.2022.0622"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2017.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afac026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.69802"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2004.11.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1797280"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13137"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13124"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.13600","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T21:31:09Z","timestamp":1733952669000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.13600"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcsm.13600"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.13600","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-5991","2190-6009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-5991","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-6009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-02-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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