{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:08:28Z","timestamp":1789517308309,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cachexia is a frequent companion of chronic diseases and a well\u2010established predictor of poor patient performance and outcome. Since cachexia as a discharge diagnosis is not much investigated, we aimed to investigate prevalence of cachexia in hospitalised patients and their outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Hospital Health Care Statistics Database using the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases codes. During period 2004\u20132019, patients with cachexia were identified, as well as patients with cancer, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease. The primary endpoint was the discharge code of cachexia; secondary endpoints were length of hospital stay, in\u2010hospital and post discharge all\u2010cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In period 2004\u20132019, 5 484 103 hospitalisations were screened; cachexia was coded 19\u2009348 times (0.35%) in 14\u2009089 patients (67\u2009\u00b1\u200913 years, 42% women). From 2004 to 2019, prevalence of cachexia increased steadily from 1.2% to 1.9%, which was most prominent for cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. At one year post discharge, 49% patients with cachexia were dead as compared to 26% in patients without cachexia. In Cox multivariate analysis, cachexia predicted post\u2010discharge death in any of chronic diseases (hazard ratio of 1.28 in heart failure to 1.47 in chronic kidney disease).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In our report from a National Hospital Health Care Statistics Database, we found that cachexia was underreported as ICD\u201010 coded discharge diagnosis in patients with chronic diseases. When diagnosed, it was associated with higher hazard of post discharge mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]],"date-time":"2025-01-20T05:01:47Z","timestamp":1737349307000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Prevalence of Cachexia and Outcomes in Patients With Chronic Diseases: A National Database Analysis of 5\u2009484\u2009103 Hospitalisations"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5922-4098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitja","family":"Lainscak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"General Hospital Murska Sobota  Murska Sobota Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tina","family":"Zupanic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Public Health  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Omersa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Medical Center Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Erzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"National Institute of Public Health  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerneja","family":"Farkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Ljubljana  Ljubljana Slovenia"},{"name":"General Hospital Murska Sobota  Murska Sobota Slovenia"},{"name":"National Institute of Public Health  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12167"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2008.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12126"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12952"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-42446-x"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","article-title":"Exercise for Cancer Cachexia in Adults","volume":"3","author":"Grande A. 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