{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:32:39Z","timestamp":1791937959782,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":18,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHRI 13A1\u2010CG\u2010CO\u201005\u20102426\u20103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI 13A1\u2010CG\u2010CO\u201005\u20102426\u20103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The vigour of our musculature wanes as the years advance, and prognosticating the concomitant trajectories throughout the course of life assumes paramount importance for judicious and timely interventions. In the present study, we aimed to establish age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific reference centiles for multiple muscle health metrics and reveal the distributions of these metrics throughout the aging process in the Asian population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By using cross\u2010sectional pooled data of community dwellers aged 20\u2009years or older in eight cohorts from Taiwan, Japan and Malaysia, normative values for muscle health metrics (calf circumference (cm), relative appendicular skeletal muscle (RASM) (kilogram per square metre), body mass index (BMI)\u2013adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass (kilogram\/(kilogram per square metre)), handgrip strength (kilogram), five\u2010time chair stand (seconds) and gait speed (metre per second)) in men and women, categorized by age groups, are calculated. The mean values, along with the 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 95th percentiles of these muscle health metrics, are also delineated for both sexes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 34\u2009265 (16\u2009164 men, 18\u2009101 women) participants from eight cohorts, calf circumference declined in age groups from 60\u2009years onward. RASM values declined from the 50s in men but were stable in women until the 80s. ASM\/BMI values showed declines in older age groups for both sexes. Handgrip strength declined similarly from 40\u2009years of age in both sexes. Five\u2010time chair stand performance declined from the 30s. Gait speed peaked at 1.6\u2009m\/s in men in their 50s and then declined, while it declined in women in their 60s. The inflection points for decline differed by metric and sex. The 20th percentile cutoffs for individuals aged 65\u201369\u2009years were as follows: calf circumference, 33.0\u2009cm (men) and 31.5\u2009cm (women); RASM, 7.0\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (men) and 5.5\u2009kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (women); ASM\/BMI, 0.78\u2009kg\/(kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) (men) and 0.56\u2009kg\/(kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) (women); handgrip strength, 30.4\u2009kg (men) and 18.1\u2009kg (women); five\u2010time chair stand, 9.4\u2009s (men) and 10.0\u2009s (women); and gait speed, 0.9\u2009m\/s (both). Those in the fifth percentile of all muscle health metrics faced earlier declines than their 95th percentile counterparts did, highlighting the critical roles in identifying these high\u2010risk groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pooled analysis of eight Asian cohorts clearly outlined the age\u2010related changes in various muscle health metrics, with the inflection point of accelerated decline showing age\u2010 and sex\u2010specific characteristics. Defining trajectories of muscle health metrics across life stages facilitates timely interventions to mitigate age\u2010related risks and promote healthy longevity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,19]],"date-time":"2025-02-19T21:59:41Z","timestamp":1740002381000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Mapping Normative Muscle Health Metrics Across the Aging Continuum: A Multinational Study Pooling Data From Eight Cohorts in Japan, Malaysia and Taiwan"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2387-8508","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liang\u2010Kung","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Taipei Municipal Gan\u2010Dau Hospital (Managed by Taipei Veterans General Hospital)  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8095-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin\u2010Chieh","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine National Taiwan University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Ning","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Ju","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging Sciences National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Taipei Veterans General Hospital Yuanshan Branch  Yi\u2010Lan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Nishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rei","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology of Aging, Center for Gerontology and Social Science National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology  Obu 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