{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T16:44:20Z","timestamp":1794242660679,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cell\u2013cell crosstalk between myogenic, adipogenic and immune cells in skeletal muscle to regulate energy metabolism and lipid deposition has received considerable attention. The specific mechanisms of interaction between the different cells in skeletal muscle are still unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using integrated analysis of snRNA\u2010seq and spatial transcriptome, the gene expression profile of\n                      <jats:italic>longissimus dorsi<\/jats:italic>\n                      (LD) muscle was compared between adult Taoyuan black (TB, obese, native Chinese breed) and Duroc (lean) pigs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      TB pig had more intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition (3.91%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0244) and higher slow myofiber proportion (17.13%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) compared with Duroc pig (IMF, 2.38%; slow myofiber, 6.92%) at the age of 180\u2009days. We identified eight cell populations in porcine LD muscle. Five subpopulations of myonuclei and 10 subclusters of fibro\/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) were defined by marker genes. CellChat analysis revealed that communication between immune cells and other cells via the BMP and EGF signalling pathway was only observed in Duroc and not in TB pig. Both snRNA\u2010seq and spatial transcriptome pointed out that FAPs are the important source of secretory proteins. A total of 35 upregulated and 23 downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated as secretory, one upregulated and 36 downregulated secretory DEGs were identified between TB and Duroc pigs in FAPs by snRNA\u2010seq and FAPs\u2010high regions by spatial transcriptome, respectively. The distribution of FAPs was accompanied by the divergent myofiber\u2010type composition. The expression level of slow myofiber marker gene (\n                      <jats:italic>MYH7<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) was higher in both FAPs\u2010high and FAPs\u2010low regions of TB compared with Duroc pig (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), and expression level of fast myofiber maker gene (\n                      <jats:italic>MYH1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) was upregulated in FAPs\u2010high region of Duroc compared with FAPs\u2010high region of TB (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and FAPs\u2010low region of Duroc pig (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.0002). The metabolic differences of myofibers between TB and Duroc pigs were mainly concentrated in energy, lipid and nitrogen metabolism\u2010related pathway (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The significant correlation (\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.4,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) between secretory and metabolism\u2010related DEGs with spatial aggregation was verified by regression analysis for random region extraction (area of 25 spots,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009400) from spatial transcriptome, and we speculated that the alteration of secretory proteins forming the microenvironment might regulate myofiber metabolism via target genes such as\n                      <jats:italic>IRS1<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>PLPP1<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>SLC38A2<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study provides new insights into skeletal muscle microenvironment that contributes to metabolic regulation and new methods and resources to study cell\u2013cell communication in skeletal muscle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.13752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,13]],"date-time":"2025-03-13T06:56:16Z","timestamp":1741848976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["snRNA\u2010Seq and Spatial Transcriptome Reveal Cell\u2013Cell Crosstalk Mediated Metabolic Regulation in Porcine Skeletal Muscle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Liu","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute 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Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences  Changsha China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weijun","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition and Muscle Development, College of Animal Science and Technology Northwest A&amp;F University  Yangling China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Sciences Hunan Normal University  Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehui","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro\u2010Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, 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