{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:52:12Z","timestamp":1792000332292,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765324800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82174345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82174345"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sarcopenia, a condition characterized by a substantial reduction in muscle mass and decreased muscle function, is a common degenerative condition in older adults. Regular Baduanjin exercise (BE) is deemed an effective intervention for improving muscle function in older adults. It is a traditional Chinese practice of\n                      <jats:italic>qigong<\/jats:italic>\n                      that combines gentle exercise, breathing techniques and meditation, in the elderly population. However, randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of BE in preventing and treating sarcopenia among older adults remain limited. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy of a systematic BE regimen based on the short physical performance battery (SPPB) in managing sarcopenia. By establishing a clear link between BE and improvements in muscle function, this study reveals valuable insights into nonpharmacological strategies for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This is a 24\u2010week randomized controlled trial involving 90 participants aged 60\u201377\u2009years who were diagnosed with primary sarcopenia. The participants were randomly assigned by SAS software to either BE or a resistance training (RT) group. Both groups undertook their respective training under professional supervision from July 2022 to August 2023 in Chengdu, China. The intervention consisted of 60\u2010minute sessions, three times a week for 24 weeks. Participants were evaluated at baseline, Week 12 (midintervention) and Week 24 (postintervention) using the primary outcome measure, SPPB, along with secondary indicators, including limb muscle mass, two\u2010handed grip strength and other indicators, which were analysed using a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Generalized estimating equations were used to assess 24\u2010week postintervention effects. Among the entire group, which consisted of 13 males and 77 females, significant differences (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) were noted between the BE and RT in several measures: SPPB scores (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.94 [95% CI, 1.20\u20132.68]), balance (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.76 [95% CI, 0.31\u20131.22]), lower limb strength (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.75 [95% CI, 0.25 to 1.24]), gait speed (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.41 [95% CI, 0.01\u20130.81]), skeletal muscle index (SMI) (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.37 [95% CI, 0.25\u20130.50]), left leg muscle mass (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.38 [95% CI, 0.23\u20130.52]), right leg muscle mass (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.34 [95% CI, 0.17\u20130.51]) and right hand grip strength (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.56 [95% CI, 1.13\u20131.99]). No significant differences were found in the muscle mass of the left arm, right arm or left handgrip strength or in the results of the 6\u2010m walk test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Regular BE markedly improved muscle function and increased muscle mass in older adults with sarcopenia, indicating a safe and effective exercise for sarcopenia management. BE, which was tailored using the short physical performance battery assessment, offers a valuable approach to help prevent and treat sarcopenia in older adults. Future research should investigate the long\u2010term effects of varying BE intensities and frequencies in individuals with sarcopenia.<\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100051871).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.70163","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T23:45:41Z","timestamp":1765410341000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Efficacy of Baduanjin Exercise for Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A 24\u2010Week Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7236-7678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keshangjing","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyu","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Yingmen Community Health Service Center of Jinniu District  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine Center of Sichuan Province Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xueqing","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Health Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanli","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Health Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaisy\u00a0Xinhong","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong LooLin School of Medicine National University of Singapore  Singapore Singapore"},{"name":"Centre for Healthy Longevity, @AgeSingapore National University Health System  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Department &amp; Teaching and Research Office of Epidemiology and Evidence\u2010Based Medicine Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.07.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-016-0220-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.681232"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00061.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.13320"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.202200675R"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25260"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12387"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0020711"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.872233"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2020.05.012"},{"issue":"8867098","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/8867098","article-title":"The Safety of Baduanjin Exercise: A Systematic Review","volume":"2021","author":"Fang J.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Evidence\u2010Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: eCAM"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy179"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1072986"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1234-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-021-02147-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-022-03778-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2018.3915"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","first-page":"113","article-title":"Daily Lifestyle Behaviors and Risks of Sarcopenia Among Older Adults. 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