{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T09:05:09Z","timestamp":1790154309932,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790121600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J cachexia sarcopenia muscle"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Urolithin A (UA) and urolithin B (UB) are gut microbiota\u2010derived metabolites of ellagitannins reported to influence mitochondrial function, inflammation and muscle metabolism. Their comparative transcriptomic effects in human skeletal muscle cells remain undefined. We characterized UA\u2010 and UB\u2010induced molecular responses in primary human myotubes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Primary CD56\n +<\/jats:sup>\n satellite cells were isolated from\n vastus lateralis<\/jats:italic>\n muscle of 9 donors (6 men, 3 women; age 55\u201396\u2009years; mean 74.1\u2009\u00b1\u200913.8\u2009years) and differentiated into myotubes. Cells were treated 24\u2009h with UA or UB (5\u2009\u03bcM). RNA sequencing generated ~20 million paired\u2010end reads per sample. Differential expression analysis was performed using DESeq\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n (design\u2009=\u2009~Patient + Treatment). Differentially expressed genes were defined as adjusted\n p<\/jats:italic>\n value (FDR)\u2009<\u20090.01 and |Log2FoldChange|\u2009>\u20090.32. Pathway enrichment was assessed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. Selected targets were validated by RT\u2010qPCR and ELISA in 4 donors from the RNA\u2010seq cohort using UA and UB at 1, 5 and 10\u2009\u03bcM.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n UA and UB significantly modulated 1918 and 339 genes, respectively (FDR <\u20090.01; |log2FoldChange|\u2009>\u20090.32), demonstrating distinct transcriptomic reprogramming in human myotubes. Pathway analysis showed that UA predominantly affected oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, inositol phosphate metabolism and glycosylation pathways (N\u2010linked glycosylation\n z<\/jats:italic>\n score 2.11), whereas UB activated cholesterol biosynthesis (\n z<\/jats:italic>\n score 2.45), mevalonate pathway (\n z<\/jats:italic>\n score 2.00), adipogenesis (\n z<\/jats:italic>\n score 1.41) and inhibited eicosanoid signalling (\n z<\/jats:italic>\n score \u22122.71). At 5\u2009\u03bcM (RNA\u2010seq), UA increased NOTCH1 (+73%), MYMX (+70%), PANX1 (+50%) and MSTN (+64%), and decreased FGF9 (\u221275%), ICAM5 (\u221252%) and MRLN (\u221233%), whereas UB decreased IGFN1 (\u221275%), TGFBI (\u221260%) and STC2 (\u221235%) and increased TGM2 (+59%). UA increased LIF (+80%) and decreased PTGS1 (\u221241%) and IL17B (\u221249%), whereas UB decreased PTGS1 (\u221243%) and increased IL17B (+45%). RT\u2010qPCR validation confirmed UA\u2010induced increases in NOTCH1 (5\u2009\u03bcM,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0471), MYMX (10\u2009\u03bcM,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0363), and PANX1 (5\u2009\u03bcM,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0012; 10\u2009\u03bcM,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0065), dose\u2010dependent reductions in FGF9 (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.9389) and ICAM5 (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.8804), and opposite regulation of IL17B (UA\n r<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.8309; UB 10\u2009\u03bcM,\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.0498) and PTGS1. Both UA and UB reduced TGFBI protein levels dose\u2010dependently (UA\n r<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.8582; UB\n r<\/jats:italic>\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.7415).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n UA and UB induce quantitatively and qualitatively distinct transcriptomic programmes in human myotubes. UA preferentially modulates mitochondrial and inflammatory pathways, whereas UB primarily affects lipid metabolism and muscle\u2010related processes. These findings provide mechanistic insight into urolithin\u2010mediated regulation of human muscle cell biology able Stro.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.70385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T08:26:16Z","timestamp":1790151976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exploring the Impact of Urolithins A and B on Muscle Health: A Transcriptomic Analysis in Human Myotubes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Yves","family":"Henrotin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"musculoSKeletal Innovative research Lab (mSKIL), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart\u2010Tilman Li\u00e8ge Belgium"},{"name":"Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Department Princess Paola Hospital Marche\u2010en\u2010Famenne Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Florin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"musculoSKeletal Innovative research Lab (mSKIL), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart\u2010Tilman Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"musculoSKeletal Innovative research Lab (mSKIL), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart\u2010Tilman Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prescilia","family":"Centonze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"musculoSKeletal Innovative research Lab (mSKIL), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart\u2010Tilman Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tiago Pinto","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Groupe Interdisciplinaire de G\u00e9noprot\u00e9omique Appliqu\u00e9e (GIGA), Metabolism and Cardiovascular Sciences University of Liege Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Bekisz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomechanics Research Unit, GIGA Molecular & Computational Biology University of Li\u00e8ge Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean\u2010Emile","family":"Dubuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department University Clinics St Luc Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Galand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic Department Bois de l'Abbaye Hospital Seraing Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2455-4716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Lambert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"musculoSKeletal Innovative research Lab (mSKIL), Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Li\u00e8ge, Institute of Pathology, CHU Sart\u2010Tilman Li\u00e8ge Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990S","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/127.5.990S","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Origins and Clinical Relevance","volume":"127","author":"Rosenberg I. H.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: Revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz\u2010Jentoft A. J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2016.06.001","article-title":"Sarcopenia Is Recognized as an Independent Condition by an International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD\u201010\u2010CM) Code","volume":"17","author":"Cao L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Directors Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"48","article-title":"Prevalence of and Interventions for Sarcopenia in Ageing Adults: A Systematic Review. Report of the International Sarcopenia Initiative (EWGSOP and IWGS)","volume":"43","author":"Cruz\u2010Jentoft A. J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afq034","article-title":"Sarcopenia: European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People","volume":"39","author":"Cruz\u2010Jentoft A. J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Age and Ageing"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-018-1139-9","article-title":"International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sarcopenia (ICFSR): Screening, Diagnosis and Management","volume":"22","author":"Dent E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.08.016","article-title":"Does Nutrition Play a Role in the Prevention and Management of Sarcopenia?","volume":"37","author":"Robinson S. M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-013-0335-x","article-title":"A Phase IIA Randomized, Placebo\u2010Controlled Clinical Trial to Study the Efficacy and Safety of the Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator (SARM), MK\u20100773 in Female Participants With Sarcopenia","volume":"17","author":"Papanicolaou D. A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1007\/s13539-011-0034-6","article-title":"The Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator GTx\u2010024 (Enobosarm) Improves Lean Body Mass and Physical Function in Healthy Elderly Men and Postmenopausal Women: Results of a Double\u2010Blind, Placebo\u2010Controlled Phase II Trial","volume":"2","author":"Dalton J. T.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(15)00298-3","article-title":"Myostatin Antibody (LY2495655) in Older Weak Fallers: A Proof\u2010of\u2010Concept, Randomised, Phase 2 Trial","volume":"3","author":"Becker C.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.14927","article-title":"Treatment of Sarcopenia With Bimagrumab: Results From a Phase II, Randomized, Controlled, Proof\u2010of\u2010Concept Study","volume":"65","author":"Rooks D.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of the American Geriatrics Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.202101019","article-title":"Urolithins: A Comprehensive Update on Their Metabolism, Bioactivity, and Associated Gut Microbiota","volume":"66","author":"Garc\u00eda\u2010Villalba R.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15183884","article-title":"Urolithins: A Prospective Alternative Against Brain Aging","volume":"15","author":"An L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201500901","article-title":"Urolithins, the Rescue of \u2018Old\u2019 Metabolites to Understand a \u2018New\u2019 Concept: Metabotypes as a Nexus Among Phenolic Metabolism, Microbiota Dysbiosis, and Host Health Status","volume":"61","author":"Tom\u00e1s\u2010Barber\u00e1n F. A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201900952","article-title":"Where to Look Into the Puzzle of Polyphenols and Health? The Postbiotics and Gut Microbiota Associated With Human Metabotypes","volume":"64","author":"Cort\u00e9s\u2010Mart\u00edn A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-019-0073-4","article-title":"The Mitophagy Activator Urolithin A Is Safe and Induces a Molecular Signature of Improved Mitochondrial and Cellular Health in Humans","volume":"1","author":"Andreux P. A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nature Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2022.100633","article-title":"Urolithin A Improves Muscle Strength, Exercise Performance, and Biomarkers of Mitochondrial Health in a Randomized Trial in Middle\u2010Aged Adults","volume":"3","author":"Singh A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cell Reports Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12190","article-title":"Urolithin B, a Newly Identified Regulator of Skeletal Muscle Mass","volume":"8","author":"Rodriguez J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Using Polyphenol Derivatives to Prevent Muscle Wasting","volume":"21","author":"Francaux M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abb0319","article-title":"Urolithin A Improves Muscle Function by Inducing Mitophagy in Muscular Dystrophy","volume":"13","author":"Luan P.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Science Translational Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-021-00950-1","article-title":"Direct Supplementation With Urolithin A Overcomes Limitations of Dietary Exposure and Gut Microbiome Variability in Healthy Adults to Achieve Consistent Levels Across the Population","volume":"76","author":"Singh A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Clinical Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(80)90165-7","article-title":"A Simple, Rapid, and Sensitive DNA Assay Procedure","volume":"102","author":"Labarca C.","year":"1980","journal-title":"Analytical Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2023.155597","article-title":"Current and Investigational Medications for the Treatment of Sarcopenia","volume":"149","author":"Rolland Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15204441","article-title":"Pharmacological Effects of Urolithin A and Its Role in Muscle Health and Performance: Current Knowledge and Prospects","volume":"15","author":"Zhao H.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/6517266","article-title":"Urolithin B, a Gut Microbiota Metabolite, Reduced Susceptibility to Myocardial Arrhythmic Predisposition After Hypoxia","volume":"2022","author":"Huang X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disease Markers"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/5194508","article-title":"Ellagic Acid\u2010Derived Urolithins as Modulators of Oxidative Stress","volume":"2020","author":"Djedjibegovic J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2579","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf058","article-title":"Interleukin\u201017B Is a New Biomarker of Human Muscle Regeneration in Dystrophinopathies","volume":"148","author":"Liu C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2021.111544","article-title":"Inflammation and Sarcopenia: A Focus on Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines","volume":"154","author":"Pan L.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Experimental Gerontology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2021.101950","article-title":"The Diverse Functionality of NQO1 and Its Roles in Redox Control","volume":"41","author":"Ross D.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Redox Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23126747","article-title":"The Inositol Phosphate System\u2014A Coordinator of Metabolic Adaptability","volume":"23","author":"Tu\u2010sekine B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-023-01145-5","article-title":"Mitophagy Activation by Urolithin A to Target Muscle Aging","volume":"114","author":"Faitg J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Calcified Tissue International"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8037","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-022-07334-z","article-title":"The Role of Protein Glycosylation in Muscle Diseases","volume":"49","author":"Dang K.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2017.01045","article-title":"The Role of Inflammation in Age\u2010Related Sarcopenia","volume":"8","author":"Dalle S.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1159\/000235713","article-title":"Cholesterol and Skeletal Muscle Health","volume":"100","author":"Riechman S. E.","year":"2009","journal-title":"World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2022.101682","article-title":"Bidirectional Roles of Skeletal Muscle Fibro\u2010Adipogenic Progenitors in Homeostasis and Disease","volume":"80","author":"Chen W.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ageing Research Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s13679-025-00676-2","article-title":"Myosteatosis: Epidemiological Insights, Functional Decline, and Diagnostic Advances","volume":"14","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Current Obesity Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.949532","article-title":"The Chemokine Receptor CXCR4 Regulates Satellite Cell Activation, Early Expansion, and Self\u2010Renewal, in Response to Skeletal Muscle Injury","volume":"10","author":"Shams A. S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-02772-x","article-title":"The Effects of Death and Post\u2010Mortem Cold Ischemia on Human Tissue Transcriptomes","volume":"9","author":"Ferreira P. G.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms1890","article-title":"Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells Adopt a Dormant Cell State Post Mortem and Retain Regenerative Capacity","volume":"3","author":"Latil M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2022.886149","article-title":"New Perspectives for Postmortem Human Satellite Cells of Different Embryological Origin","volume":"13","author":"Pietrangelo T.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Physiology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.70385","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcsm.70385","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcsm.70385","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T08:26:22Z","timestamp":1790151982000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcsm.70385"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcsm.70385"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcsm.70385","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2190-5991","2190-6009"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2190-5991","type":"print"},{"value":"2190-6009","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-23","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70385"}}