{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T16:41:40Z","timestamp":1791218500001,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,25]],"date-time":"2012-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background.<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> inhalation followed by hyperventilation and breath\u2010holding have been utilized to measure cerebral vasomotor reactivity (VMR) but their correlation has been poorly studied and understood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods.<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective study was conducted in 143 subjects (62.6 \u00b1 15.8 years old, 64% men) with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography measurement of mean flow velocity (MFV) at baseline, after 30 seconds of breath\u2010holding, and after CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> inhalation followed by hyperventilation, in the left and right middle cerebral artery. Breath\u2010holding index (BHI) was calculated as the percentage of MFV increase from baseline per second of apnea. CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> inhalation\/hyperventilation index (CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HV) was calculated as the percentage of MFV difference between CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> inhalation and hyperventilation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results.<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 75 carotid arteries with &gt;70% stenosis or occlusion, and 18 middle cerebral arteries with &gt;50% stenosis or occlusion. The mean BHI was 0.93 \u00b1 0.7 and 0.89 \u00b1 0.6, whereas the mean CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HV was 61 \u00b1 26% and 60 \u00b1 26%, respectively, on the right and left sides. The correlation between BHI and CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HV was moderate on the right (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.33; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and left sides (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.38; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that age (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.01) and history of stroke (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.007) were associated independently with an impaired VMR on the right as measured by CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HV. No predictors for impaired VMR by CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HV on the left and by BHI on either side were found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions.<\/jats:title><jats:p>CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HV and BHI are only moderately correlated. Further studies are necessary to determine which method more accurately predicts clinical morbidity. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.21944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,25]],"date-time":"2012-05-25T13:08:14Z","timestamp":1337951294000},"page":"554-558","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Moderate correlation between breath\u2010holding and CO<sub>2<\/sub> inhalation\/hyperventilation methods for transcranial doppler evaluation of cerebral vasoreactivity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Diogo C.","family":"Haussen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Katsnelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abiezer","family":"Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Campo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iszet","family":"Campo\u2010Bustillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose G","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.3.457"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0865-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.30.3.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.16.2122"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.19.8.963"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.609057"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02985609"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.1.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1992.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.5.668"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.23.7.962"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Ultrasound"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjcu.21944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcu.21944","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T04:07:18Z","timestamp":1696910838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcu.21944"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,25]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcu.21944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcu.21944","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-2751","1097-0096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-2751","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,25]]}}}