{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T02:26:54Z","timestamp":1740104814591,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,29]],"date-time":"2017-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic tracheal obstruction has been associated with learning deficits; hence, early surgical intervention has been suggested.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the relationship between learning performance and vascular ring caused by an isolated aberrant right subclavian artery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants included 1,685 undergraduate students (ie, students of medical informatics and medical\/public health students) in Central Taiwan. The diagnostic period was from 2005 to 2010. Vascular ring was diagnosed by two\u2010dimensional echocardiographic screening and was validated by esophagogram. The reference group (medical students) was associated with higher learning performance, whereas the comparison group (students of medical informatics and public health) was associated with lower learning performance. Multiple logistic regression was used for analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of vascular ring among the reference and comparison groups was 0.48 and 2.03%, respectively. The odds ratio for the vascular ring was 4.90 (95% confidence interval: 1.30\u201318.40) after adjusting for potential confounders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study suggests that vascular ring can impact learning efficiency and advocates for larger dedicated studies. \u00a9 2017 The Authors Journal of Clinical Ultrasound Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. <jats:italic>J Clin Ultrasound<\/jats:italic> <jats:bold>45<\/jats:bold>:556\u2013560, 2017<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.22502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,29]],"date-time":"2017-05-29T05:06:56Z","timestamp":1496034416000},"page":"556-560","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Association between vascular rings and learning performance: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Fong\u2010Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung City 40201 Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung City 40201 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4222-7612","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yung\u2010Po","family":"Liaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung City 40201 Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung City 40201 Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu\u2010Yi","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital Taichung City 40201 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