{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T02:27:44Z","timestamp":1791685664367,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]],"date-time":"2021-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased gallbladder wall thickness (GBWT) is a common finding. Reported causes include advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD), ascites and hypalbuminemia. GBWT is a marker for the prediction of esophageal varices. It remains unclear which of these factors is the decisive driver of GBWT. We aim to investigate whether there is a predominant factor associated with the GBWT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We enrolled 258 patients with ascites, hypalbuminemia and\/or ACLD and 98 healthy volunteers that underwent abdominal ultrasound. Differences of mean GBWT in subgroups of patients with ACLD, ascites, and\/or hypalbuminemia were analyzed. Correlation between various parameters and GBWT were calculated using multiple regression analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>GBWT in patients with ACLD + ascites + hypalbuminemia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a059; 5.70\u2009\u00b1 2.05\u2009mm) was pathologically increased compared to patients with hypalbuminemia + ascites without ACLD (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a036; 2.14\u2009\u00b1\u20090.66\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and to patients with only hypalbuminemia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a076; 2.02\u2009\u00b1\u20090.80\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). GBWT of patients with ACLD + hypalbuminemia (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030; 3.42\u2009\u00b1\u20091.52\u2009mm) and with ACLD and normal albumin level were not different (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a046; 3.10\u2009\u00b1\u20091.62\u2009mm; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.999). Significant correlation was seen between GBWT and ACLD (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.53; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and ascites (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.51; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) but not albumin level (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.04; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.510).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>We demonstrate that ACLD is predominantly associated with GBWT. In contrast to the current literature, serum albumin level appears not to be associated with pathological GBWT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23077","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,14]],"date-time":"2021-10-14T12:15:48Z","timestamp":1634213748000},"page":"367-374","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pathological gallbladder wall thickening is associated with advanced chronic liver disease and independent of serum albumin"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5481-0429","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastian C. B.","family":"Bremer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard F.","family":"Knoop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Porsche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Amanzada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volker","family":"Ellenrieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albrecht","family":"Neesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Kunsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Golo","family":"Petzold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Gastroenterology, Gastrointestinal Oncology and Endocrinology University Medical Center Goettingen, Georg\u2010August\u2010University  Goettingen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870150503"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"175","article-title":"B\u2010mode ultrasonographic diagnosis in gallbladder wall thickening","volume":"24","author":"Miyoshi H","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Ultrasonics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RCT.0b013e31822d2ade"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199602000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.1997.tb00464.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870170305"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2009\/683040"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.139.1.239","article-title":"Gallbladder wall thickening in association with hypoalbuminemia","volume":"139","author":"Jeanty P","year":"1981","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.135.3.7384460"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-018-0852-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2019.1585571"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000002024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2006.08.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14147"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.148.6.1117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.137.1.65"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.1712"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2018.09.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870190606"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","first-page":"282","article-title":"Differentiation of benign from malignant induced ascites by measuring gallbladder wall thickness","volume":"6","author":"Mohammadi A","year":"2011","journal-title":"Maedica (Buchar)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870170707"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm15159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40477-021-00563-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2014.12.667"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Ultrasound"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcu.23077","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jcu.23077","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcu.23077","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T18:15:00Z","timestamp":1692987300000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcu.23077"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcu.23077"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcu.23077","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0091-2751","1097-0096"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-2751","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0096","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-15","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}