{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:52:07Z","timestamp":1762869127045,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies have shown that gout can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Three\u2010dimensional speckle\u2010tracking echocardiography (3D\u2010STE), a sensitive imaging technology, enables the detection of subtle myocardial dysfunctions. Our aim is to evaluate the left ventricular (LV) functions in patients with gout using 3D\u2010STE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>80 subjects: 40 with gout and 40 as normal controls were involved. We obtained and analyzed these parameters from the dynamic images of a 3D full\u2010volume dataset: global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global radial strain (GRS), Twist, 16\u2010segmental time\u2010to\u2010peak longitudinal strain (TTP) and systolic dyssynchrony index (SDI)besides other relevant parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with the normal group, gout patients were more likely to have left ventricular remodeling. The patients with gout showed decreased Em, increased E\/Em and larger volume index of the left atrium (LAVI) indicating reduced diastolic function. The peak GLS (\u221217.42\u2009\u00b1\u20092.02 vs. \u221222.40\u2009\u00b1\u20092.57, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), GCS (\u221227.04\u2009\u00b1\u20093.75 vs. \u221234.85\u2009\u00b1\u20094.99, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), GRS (38.22\u2009\u00b1\u20094.28 vs. 46.15\u2009\u00b1\u20095.17, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and Twist (15.18\u2009\u00b1\u20095.45 vs. 19.02\u2009\u00b1\u20095.29, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015) were significantly lower in patients with gout than in healthy participants. The SDI (5.57\u2009\u00b1\u20091.46 vs. 4.91\u2009\u00b1\u20091.19, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016) was significantly increased in patients with gout compared with normal controls. There was no significant between\u2010group difference in TTP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.43). The systolic GLS, GRS and GCS peak values increased gradually from the base to the apex, with the lowest values in the basal segment in patients with gout. Receiver\u2010operating characteristic curve analysis revealed among these strains GLS has the largest area under the curve (AUC: 0.93, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), the cutoff value of \u221218.97% with a sensitivity and specificity of 80.0% and 92.0%, respectively, for differentiating two groups. A multivariate linear regression analysis shows that the relationship between gout and strain parameters including GLS, GRS, and GCS is statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although patients with gout having a normal ejection fraction, structural remodeling of the left ventricle and subclinical LV deformation may occur. 3D\u2010STE can detect subtle cardiac dysfunctions in patients with gout at an early stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,14]],"date-time":"2023-06-14T10:10:35Z","timestamp":1686737435000},"page":"1119-1128","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Changes in the structure and function of the left ventricle in patients with gout: A study based on three\u2010dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8268-7621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Meng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Ultrasound The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4973-027X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leiyuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Abdominal Ultrasound The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4350-8301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tingyu","family":"Zong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Ultrasound The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5024-444X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhibin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Ultrasound The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University  Qingdao 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