{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T10:40:05Z","timestamp":1750156805101,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]],"date-time":"2025-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate global and ventricular myocardial contractility in fetuses of pregnant women with pre\u2010existing diabetes compared with normal fetuses using three\u2010dimensional (3D) ultrasound with the Virtual Organ Computer\u2010aided Analysis (VOCAL) and Spatio\u2010temporal Image Correlation (STIC) methods.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cross\u2010sectional study was performed on 60 normal fetuses and 20 fetuses from pregnant women with pre\u2010existing diabetes. The STIC and VOCAL methods were used to calculate fetal cardiac volumes. Global contractility was calculated by subtracting cardiac volume in diastole from cardiac volume in systole. Ventricular contractility was calculated by subtracting diastolic ventricular volume from systolic ventricular volume. Myocardial contractility was correlated with gestational age using Spearman's coefficient (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>), while the difference between normal and diabetic pregnant women was calculated using Student\u2010<jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> and Mann\u2013Whitney tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant women with pre\u2010existing diabetes had a higher mean number of pregnancies than normal pregnant women (2.4 vs. 1.8 pregnancies, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.028). There were no significant differences in global and ventricular contractility between normal fetuses and those of pregnant women with previous diabetes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.070 and 0.186, respectively). A moderate positive significant correlation was observed between gestational age and global myocardial contractility (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.58, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). There was a strong positive significant correlation between gestational age and ventricular myocardial contractility (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.62, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). A one\u2010week increase in gestational age was responsible for an increase in global and ventricular myocardial contractility of 0.222 and 0.1505\u2009cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, respectively. Considering only pregnant women with pre\u2010existing diabetes, there was a strong negative significant correlation between glycated hemoglobin levels and global myocardial contractility (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.63, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.027) and a moderate negative significant correlation and ventricular myocardial contractility (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.59, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The global and ventricular myocardial contractility of normal fetuses and fetuses of pre\u2010existing diabetes pregnant women measured by 3D ultrasound using the STIC and VOCAL methods showed a linear and positive correlation with gestational age and no significant differences between them.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.23972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T20:32:49Z","timestamp":1743366769000},"page":"1078-1086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Evaluation of Fetal Myocardial Contractility of Pre\u2010Existing Diabetes Mellitus by Three\u2010Dimensional Ultrasonography Using STIC and Vocal Methods"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6814-9418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Let\u00edcia Bucioli","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Paulista School of Medicine \u2013 Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (EPM\u2010UNIFESP)  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1655-3609","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto Borges","family":"Peixoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Service M\u00e1rio Palm\u00e9rio University Hospital, University of Uberaba (UNIUBE)  Uberaba Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Federal University of Tri\u00e2ngulo Mineiro (UFTM)  Uberaba Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1491-4877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie Jeanne","family":"Bravo\u2010Valenzuela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Cardiology School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6854-451X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Souza","family":"Malho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Latin American Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF\u2010LA)  Campinas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1405-5371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosiane","family":"Mattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Paulista School of Medicine \u2013 Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (EPM\u2010UNIFESP)  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6145-2532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Araujo J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics Paulista School of Medicine \u2013 Federal University of S\u00e3o Paulo (EPM\u2010UNIFESP)  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,28]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7120-3-27"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"457","volume-title":"Heart Disease","author":"Opie L. 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