{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:46:13Z","timestamp":1786977973818,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1672185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001653","name":"Gerda Henkel Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001653","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001663","name":"Volkswagen Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HE 8505\/1\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HE 8505\/1\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010583","name":"Universit\u00e4t Konstanz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010583","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCPP Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is unclear whether findings from previous network analyses of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among children and adolescents are generalizable to youth living in war\u2010torn settings and whether there are differences in the structure and connectivity of symptoms between children and adolescents. This study examined the network structure of PTSD symptoms in a sample of war\u2010affected youth and compared the symptom networks of children and adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall sample comprised 2007 youth (6\u201318\u00a0years old) living in Burundi, Democratic Republic of Congo, Iraq, Palestine, Tanzania, and Uganda amid or close to war and armed conflict. Youth reported their PTSD symptoms using a self\u2010report questionnaire in Palestine and structured clinical interviews in all other countries. We computed the networks of the overall sample and of two sub\u2010samples of 412 children (6\u201312\u00a0years) and 473 adolescents (13\u201318\u00a0years) and compared the structure and global connectivity of symptoms among children and adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In both the overall sample and the sub\u2010samples, re\u2010experiencing and avoidance symptoms were most strongly connected. The adolescents' network had a higher global connectivity of symptoms than the children's network. Hyperarousal symptoms and intrusions were more strongly connected among adolescents compared to children.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings lend support to a universal concept of PTSD among youth characterized by core deficits in fear processing and emotion regulation. However, different symptoms may be particularly important in different developmental stages, with avoidance and dissociative symptoms dominating in childhood and intrusions and hypervigilance gaining importance in adolescence. Stronger symptom connections may render adolescents more vulnerable to the persistence of symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.12124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,28]],"date-time":"2022-12-28T12:10:14Z","timestamp":1672229414000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The network structure of posttraumatic stress symptoms in war\u2010affected children and adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2878-9088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Scharpf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Bielefeld University  Bielefeld Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence Bielefeld University  Bielefeld Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Saupe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology University Eichst\u00e4tt\u2010Ingolstadt  Eichst\u00e4tt Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anselm","family":"Crombach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Konstanz University  Konstanz Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Saarland University  Saarbr\u00fccken Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roos","family":"Haer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Political Science Leiden University  Leiden Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hawkar","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Bielefeld University  Bielefeld Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Neuner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Bielefeld University  Bielefeld 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