{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T18:27:18Z","timestamp":1790188038645,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]],"date-time":"2024-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017\u201000788"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017\u201000788"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006636","name":"Forskningsr\u00e5det om H\u00e4lsa, Arbetsliv och V\u00e4lf\u00e4rd","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\u201001789"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\u201001789"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006636","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004785","name":"NordForsk","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["147386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["147386"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004785","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009802","name":"Stiftelsen S\u00f6derstr\u00f6m K\u00f6nigska Sjukhemmet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SLS969059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLS969059"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009802","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008162","name":"MQ: Transforming Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MQ20\/19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MQ20\/19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008162","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCPP Advances"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evidence for substance use\u2010related problems in individuals with mild intellectual disability is sparse and mainly limited to selected psychiatric populations. We evaluated the risk of substance use\u2010related problems in individuals with mild intellectual disability compared to the general population. Additionally, we have performed secondary sibling comparison analyses to account for familial confounding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a population\u2010based cohort study of individuals born in Sweden between 1973 and 2003. A total of 18,307 individuals with mild intellectual disability were compared to 915,350 reference individuals from the general population and 18,996 full siblings of individuals with mild intellectual disability. Information on mild intellectual disability and substance use\u2010related problems was obtained from several Swedish national and regional school and healthcare registers. Substance use\u2010related problems were measured via corresponding diagnostic and legal codes and included alcohol use disorder, drug use disorder, alcohol\u2010related somatic disease, conviction for a substance\u2010related crime, and substance\u2010related death.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with mild intellectual disability had a higher risk of any substance use\u2010related problem compared to the general population (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.72\u20131.91), both in males (HR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.65\u20131.89) and females (HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.74\u20132.05). The risks of substance use\u2010related problems were particularly elevated among individuals with mild intellectual disability and psychiatric comorbidities (HR, 2.21\u20138.24). The associations were attenuated in the sibling comparison models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals with mild intellectual disability, especially those with psychiatric comorbidity, are at an elevated risk of substance use\u2010related problems. Familial factors shared by full siblings contribute considerably to the association between mild intellectual disability and substance use\u2010related problems.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.12225","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]],"date-time":"2024-02-18T21:50:35Z","timestamp":1708293035000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Substance use\u2010related problems in mild intellectual disability: A Swedish nationwide population\u2010based cohort study with sibling comparison"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8418-1827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"P\u00e5hlsson\u2010Notini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengxin","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Tideman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Social Science Halmstad University  Halmstad Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Latvala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"},{"name":"Institute of Criminology and Legal Policy University of Helsinki  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Serlachius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience Centre for Psychiatry Research Karolinska Institutet Stockholm  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Lund University  Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik","family":"Larsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"},{"name":"School of Medical Sciences \u00d6rebro University  \u00d6rebro Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatja","family":"Hirvikoski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Pediatric Neuropsychiatry Unit Center for Neurodevelopmental Disorders at Karolinska Institutet Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Habilitation and Health Stockholm Health Care Services  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Center for Psychiatry Research  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5161-4182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"Kuja\u2010Halkola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Lichtenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7247-2141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Butwicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Karolinska Institutet  Solna Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Mental Health Services Akershus University Hospital and Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo  Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine Medical University of Lodz  Lodz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0070855"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","volume-title":"Syssels\u00e4ttning och social r\u00e4ttvisa: En nationell registerstudie om 12 269 unga vuxna med intellektuell funktionsneds\u00e4ttning","author":"Arvidsson J.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2045796017000051"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","volume-title":"Mental disorders and disabilities among low\u2010income children","author":"Boat T. F.","year":"2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0193\u2010953x(05)70074\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654\u2010017\u20100316\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10803\u2010016\u20102914\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2012.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2011.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/140349489001800209"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2009.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0000000000000569"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1744629520937835"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ede.0b013e31825fa230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.13014"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041280"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41436\u2010019\u20100519\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32720"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.14813"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260508322195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13440"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13560"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102016\u2010011638"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654\u2010016\u20100117\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u20102458\u201011\u2010450"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-019-00511-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2010.12.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2017.10.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019\u20102623"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg.2017.104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102019\u2010031624"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000501679"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ridd.2014.12.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(20)30925\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0266051"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.04.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pds.1294"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2017.1408724"}],"container-title":["JCPP Advances"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jcv2.12225","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T13:53:55Z","timestamp":1760622835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acamh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jcv2.12225"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jcv2.12225"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jcv2.12225","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2692-9384","2692-9384"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2692-9384","type":"print"},{"value":"2692-9384","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,18]]},"article-number":"e12225"}}