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We used network analysis to examine whether specific aspects of difficult temperament contributed to these associations, and whether the links were moderated by variations in genetic liability for ADHD, schizophrenia, and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In 3354 mother\u2010child dyads (51.8% female), we examined in three steps: (i) the network structure of difficult temperament as indexed by\n                      <jats:italic>adaptability<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>intensity<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>mood<\/jats:italic>\n                      (age 2), (ii) its item\u2010level associations with peer victimisation (ages 8, 10, and 13), and (iii) moderation of these associations by polygenic risk scores (PRS) for ADHD, schizophrenia, and depression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Indicators of difficult temperament formed a coherent network that was associated with peer victimisation. Regarding PRS moderation, for those high in PRS (top 10%) for ADHD and schizophrenia, indicators of temperamental\n                      <jats:italic>intensity<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>mood<\/jats:italic>\n                      were associated with peer victimisation, respectively. For those high in PRS for depression, however, aspects of temperament were no longer associated with peer victimisation. Finally, the network results for those in the general population across all PRS (bottom 90%) largely resembled the model estimated using the full sample.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings highlight specific temperamental behaviours as risk factors for peer victimisation; additionally, children high in PRS for neurodevelopmental disorders may be at especially high\u2010risk for this outcome early in development.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.70092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T05:21:37Z","timestamp":1770009697000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unpacking early risks for peer victimization: A network analysis of early temperament and polygenic risk scores"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3468-0943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom C.\u2010H.","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Division of Psychology and Language Sciences University College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0121-1067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deniz","family":"Konac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Psychology Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0141-6094","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Garcia\u2010Mondragon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1097-1137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex F.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Maughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social, Genetic &amp; Developmental Psychiatry Centre Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ted","family":"Barker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology &amp; Neuroscience King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jrp.2016.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys064"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","volume-title":"A temperament theory of personality development","author":"Buss A. 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