{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:46:59Z","timestamp":1791870419532,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JCPP Advances"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Social anxiety (SA) and paranoia (PA) are commonly experienced during adolescence, but the nature of their co\u2010development is largely unknown. Greater clarity could significantly advance our understanding of both conditions, and of their progression into serious mental illness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Utilising the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network 2k cohort data, an accelerated cohort design study in 14\u201322\u00a0year olds, pre\u2010registered hypotheses examined: (1) via measurement models, whether SA and PA were statistically distinguishable; (2) whether SA at a given time\u2010point was significantly associated with subsequent PA at the next time point; and (3) common co\u2010developmental trajectories through adolescence (e.g.,\u00a0low in both; high SA, low PA, etc.).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>(1) Measurement models indicated that two and three factor models, with SA and PA as related but separate constructs, best fit the data across all age groups, (2) in cross\u2010lagged panel analysis, SA was a more significant predictor of subsequent (approximately 1\u00a0year later) PA than vice versa; (3) Six common patterns in how SA and PA developed together over time (i.e., co\u2010developmental trajectories) were detected, whereby low levels of each were most common, followed by clusters with elevated SA but not PA, followed by mid and descending SA and mid PA, or elevated levels on each.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      SA and PA are commonly comorbid in adolescence. More evidence was obtained for the\n                      <jats:italic>SA\u2010fuelling\u2010PA<\/jats:italic>\n                      hypothesis than vice versa, but nonetheless we also detected a\n                      <jats:italic>PA\u2010to\u2010SA<\/jats:italic>\n                      pathway in the youngest age group which requires further investigation. Understanding the social and cognitive factors that account for escalation from SA into PA is a key future direction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.70181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:17:21Z","timestamp":1791868641000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paranoia and social anxiety: Structural and temporal relationships across adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1142-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Kingston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Royal Holloway University of London  Egham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9533-1819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Schlier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Wuppertal  Wuppertal Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard P.","family":"Bentall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Science University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1989-883X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher D.\u00a0J.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Faculty of Science University of Sheffield  Sheffield UK"},{"name":"Research and Innovation Pennine Care NHS Foundation Trust  Ashton\u2010under\u2010Lyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2756-3770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleanor","family":"Leigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Psychology University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0165025414542713"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.112.119032"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17522439.2021.1909112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sby180"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20841"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/147608306x100536"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature25770"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2014.04.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.186.5.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291708003589"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjment\u20102023\u2010300880"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519909540118"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyx117"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2016.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcv2.12280"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","unstructured":"Kingston J. 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