{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T22:18:03Z","timestamp":1789165083725,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768953600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dental Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is widely acknowledged that dental training is stressful, with students being vulnerable to burnout, anxiety, and depression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined the associations between psychosocial risk factors (maladaptive perfectionism and rumination) and resilience factors (forgiveness of self, others, and situations, and compassion for self and others) with burnout, depression, and anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2023, an electronic questionnaire was distributed to all dental students at a US dental school. Validated self\u2010report measures were used to assess three domains: (a) mental health outcomes (burnout, depression, and anxiety), (b) risk factors (perfectionism and rumination), and (c) protective factors (compassion; self\u2010compassion; and forgiveness of self, others, and situations). Socio\u2010demographic measures were also collected. Seventy dental students participated, representing a 12% response rate, approximately evenly distributed across all four training years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bivariate analyses showed that perfectionistic discrepancies and rumination were associated with greater burnout, depression, and anxiety. Self\u2010forgiveness and forgiveness of situations were associated with lower burnout, depression, and anxiety. In the final step of multiple regression models, where all variables were entered into the equation, self\u2010forgiveness emerged as a significant predictor of lower burnout and depression. Forgiveness of situations significantly predicted lower anxiety, while rumination remained as a predictor of higher anxiety.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings represent an initial examination of risk and resilience factors considered jointly in relation to burnout, depression, and anxiety. Notably, the study highlights the potential of relatively under\u2010researched constructs\u2014forgiveness of self, others, and situations\u2014in shaping mental health outcomes among dental students during training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.70116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T10:20:22Z","timestamp":1768990822000},"page":"1325-1334","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Forgiveness of Self and Situations and Rumination as Mental Health Correlates in Dental School Students"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Loren","family":"Toussaint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology Luther College  Decorah Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7699-9832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen R.","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Sport Science &amp; Wellbeing College of Health and Science University of Lincoln  Lincoln UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinodh","family":"Bhoopathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at Los Angeles School of Dentistry  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Braydon","family":"Saltou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Iowa College of Dentistry  Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nima","family":"Moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, Sport Science &amp; Wellbeing College of Health and Science University of Lincoln  Lincoln UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amid I.","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Temple University Kornberg School of Dentistry  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2014.78.2.tb05673.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2010.74.2.tb04858.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415\u2010020\u20102281\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0099765"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2022.100404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2025.2476085"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13506"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4801448"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365\u20102923.1998.00234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2010.74.8.tb04940.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2016.80.2.tb06072.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.4811573"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1305\u20107456.163227"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2002.66.1.tb03510.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"62 ProQuest Information & Learning","author":"Tervit S. 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