{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T14:14:19Z","timestamp":1784556859067,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dental Education"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a structured elective manual dexterity course on dental students' performance using haptic simulation, specifically analyzing precision and multidimensional error control under direct and indirect vision.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 106 dental students participated in the study: 40 in the experimental group (elective course) and 66 in the control group (non elective course). Performance was assessed using the Simodont haptic simulator during a standardized caries removal task. Six metrics were recorded across multiple attempts: target precision (Target), floor invasion (LB), lateral invasion (LS), floor drilling (CB), lateral drilling (CS), and global score (EndScore). Mean and median scores were analyzed to compare outcomes between groups, sex, and laterality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The elective course group demonstrated significantly higher proficiency across all metrics (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). In direct vision, trained students achieved a mean precision of 68.12% and reduced catastrophic floor\u2010drilling errors (CB) by over 90% compared to the control group (0.06\u00a0vs. 0.94;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.0006). Under the cognitive stress of indirect vision, the trained group maintained superior performance, achieving a 92.53% success rate compared to 30.43% in the control group. No significant differences were found regarding sex or laterality (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05), indicating that the training effectively standardized technical competence across the cohort.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Structured manual dexterity training using haptic simulation is essential for developing foundational psychomotor skills in dental education. The course significantly enhances precision and mitigates critical procedural errors, particularly in challenging indirect vision environments. Integrating such training into dental curricula ensures a safer and more efficient transition from preclinical simulation to clinical patient care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.70293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:16:52Z","timestamp":1784553412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of Haptic Virtual Reality Simulation\u2010Based Preclinical Training on Manual Dexterity of Dental Students"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4128-1083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ikeda\u2010Artacho","family":"Maria Cristina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department of Stomatological Clinic Dental School Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8568-1588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee","family":"Guihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Stomatology Dental School Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  Lima Peru"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Advanced Simulation Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7670-4683","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quenta\u2010Silva","family":"Edgar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Stomatology Dental School Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  Lima Peru"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583\u2010021\u201000528\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.31219\/osf.io\/c27pe"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Percepci\u00f3n de los Estudiantes de Odontolog\u00eda de las Estrategias Metodol\u00f3gicas M\u00e1s Satisfactorias Utilizadas por Sus Acad\u00e9micos","volume":"10","author":"Rodr\u00edguez M. P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Revista de Educaci\u00f3n en Ciencias de la Salud"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"2814","article-title":"Significance of Manual Dexterity Tests in Dentistry: A Review","volume":"12","author":"Kalghatgi S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal for New Zealand Herpetology"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"J. A.Ram\u00f3n Rosales L. L.Mallqui Herrera andA. C.Dom\u00ednguez Vera \u201cDestreza Manual y Aprendizaje de la Preparaci\u00f3n Biomec\u00e1nica de Conductos Radiculares en estudiantes de odontolog\u00eda de una universidad nacional de Lima\u201d (master's thesis Universidad Cient\u00edfica del Sur 2020) https:\/\/repositorio.cientifica.edu.pe\/handle\/20.500.12805\/1127."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0193980"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.12965"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17050988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Number of Prosthetic Crown Preparations: Its Impact Over the Skill","volume":"10","author":"Raygada\u2010Bustillo R. A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/qshc.2009.038562"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"102","article-title":"Psychomotor Performance and Vision: A Comparative Pilot Study Using Simodont\u00ae","volume":"10","author":"Ikeda\u2010Artacho M. C.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41405\u2010025\u201000390\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903\u2010024\u201004704\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010023\u201004904\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.22529\/me.2025.10(1)03","article-title":"Aplicaci\u00f3n de la simulaci\u00f3n h\u00e1ptica en la educaci\u00f3n \u00a0odontol\u00f3gica","volume":"10","author":"Ikeda\u2010Artacho M. C.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Methodo Investigaci\u00f3n Aplicada a las Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1677056"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/clinpract12010003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jdd.70293","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jdd.70293","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jdd.70293","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T13:16:59Z","timestamp":1784553419000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jdd.70293"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"references-count":18,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jdd.70293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jdd.70293","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0337","1930-7837"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0337","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-7837","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-17","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-20","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jdd.70293"}}