{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:47:36Z","timestamp":1786978056002,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Dental Education"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n This study examined how Doctor of Dental Medicine (DMD) students use captions and transcripts, their motivations for use, and their perceived learning benefits, with attention to accessibility and upcoming ADA compliance requirements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n A cross\u2010sectional, anonymous survey was distributed to all 287 predoctoral DMD students at the Oregon Health & Science University during the 2025\u20132026 academic year. The instrument included closed\u2010 and open\u2010ended items assessing awareness, frequency of use, perceived usefulness, and reasons for using captions and transcripts. Descriptive statistics summarized responses, and inferential analyses examined differences across demographic characteristics. Qualitative responses were analyzed descriptively to contextualize quantitative findings.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 226 students responded (78.8% response rate). Overall, 65.9% reported that videos are very or extremely helpful to learning. Closed captions were rated very or extremely helpful by 62.4%, and 42.5% reported always using captions when available. Transcripts were rated very or extremely helpful by 29.6%, with 14.6% reporting always using them. Captions were most commonly used to improve focus, overcome poor audio quality, and enhance comprehension of accents or vocabulary. Transcripts were primarily used to locate specific information and as study guides. A statistically significant difference in reported caption availability was observed across academic classes (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.005), with third\u2010year students more frequently reporting broad availability of captions. Significant associations were also observed between race and using captions or transcripts because English was a second language (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.010 and\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a00.015, respectively), and between gender identity and using captions or transcripts to improve engagement, focus, or retention (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0\u2264\u00a00.045). Usage patterns were largely consistent across demographic groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Closed captions and transcripts function as broadly beneficial learning supports in dental education, extending beyond formal accommodations. Systematic implementation of accurate captions and transcripts may enhance comprehension, efficiency, and equity in video\u2010based instruction while supporting institutional compliance with ADA and WCAG 2.1 requirements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.70345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T10:12:21Z","timestamp":1786961541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dental Students' Use of Captions and Transcripts: Implications for ADA WCAG 2.1 Compliance"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2299-5769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saulo L.","family":"Sousa Melo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dentistry The University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary L.","family":"Stafford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dongseok","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health Oregon Health & Science University Portland Oregon USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin M.","family":"Haley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dentistry University of Illinois Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41239\u2010022\u201000327\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2372732215602130"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"\u201cWeb Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 \u201dWorld Wide Web Consortium published May 6 2025 https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/WCAG21\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40670\u2010025\u201002301\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Student Uses and Perceptions of Closed Captions and Transcripts: Results From a National Study","author":"Linder K. E.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","unstructured":"U. S. Department of Justice \u201cNondiscrimination on the Basis of Disability: Accessibility of Web Information and Services of State and Local Government Entities; Final Rule \u201d accessed July 12 2025 https:\/\/www.ada.gov\/assets\/pdfs\/web\u2010rule.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2016.80.12.tb06235.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11528\u2010023\u201000875\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/AMEP.S367221"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jdd.70345","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jdd.70345","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jdd.70345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T10:12:22Z","timestamp":1786961542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jdd.70345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":9,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jdd.70345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jdd.70345","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-0337","1930-7837"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-0337","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-7837","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jdd.70345"}}