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To test it, we used an animal model of\u00a0MD\u00a0conducted from postnatal day (PND) 1 to 10.\u00a0Deprived\u00a0and non\u2010deprived rats (control) were randomized to receive or not lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 5\u00a0mg\/kg on PND 50. The\u00a0behavior\u00a0and glial cells activation were evaluated in all groups from 51 to 53 PND. There was an increase in the immobility time in the\u00a0MD\u00a0and\u00a0MD+LPS groups. The spontaneous locomotor activity was not changed between groups.\u00a0We found elevated ionized calcium\u2010binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba\u20101)\u2010positive cells levels\u00a0in the control+LPS and\u00a0MD+LPS groups. In the\u00a0MD+LPS group, it was found an increase in Iba\u2010positive cells compared to\u00a0the MD+sal group. The glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)\u2010positive cells were also increased in the\u00a0MD+LPS, compared to control+sal, control+LPS, and\u00a0MD+sal groups. Immune challenge by LPS in late adolescence, which was subjected to\u00a0MD, did not influence the depressive\u2010like behavior but exerted a pronounced effect in the microglial activation and astrocyte atrophy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdn.10108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T14:50:42Z","timestamp":1617202242000},"page":"407-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The impact of early life stress and immune challenge on behavior and glia cells alteration in late adolescent rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6073-0855","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gislaine Z.","family":"R\u00e9us","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Psychiatry Laboratory Graduate Program in Health Sciences University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC)  Crici\u00fama 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