{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:15:10Z","timestamp":1780467310952,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]],"date-time":"2021-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626393600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal mood disorders such as postpartum depression (PPD) can negatively affect the lives not only of mothers but also of partners. The purpose of this study investigates emotional behavior and hippocampal apoptosis alterations of the male live with a postpartum depressed female.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant rats in the stress group were exposed to restraint stress (RS). The male rats who shared the same cages were not exposed to RS. To explain the consequences of depressive\u2010like behavior and anxiety, animals were exposed to the forced swim test (FST), open\u2010field test (OFT), and elevated plus maze (EPM). The apoptotic cell number was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (Tdt)\u2010mediated dUTP biotin nick\u2010end labeling (TUNEL) staining.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>According to FST, PPD caused more immobility, reduced swimming, and climbing compared to control groups in the stressed female and male (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). For the crossing number of squares in the center area, the main effect of the group was significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Stressed groups have a higher crossing number of squares in the center area compared to control groups. In the OFT, there was a significant increase in the time spent in the center area in the stress female and male group compared to the control female and male group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). For the EPM, time spent in the close arms was increased in the control male and stress male compared to the stress female group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Female and male rats with PPD demonstrated apoptosis in neuron and glial cells in the hippocampus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present study demonstrates that RS results in PPD in females. Furthermore, it implicates RS as a potential risk factor for the development of postpartum mood disorder in males. Most of the studies on paternal PPD have been done by using self\u2010report questionnaires. Studies on physiological and hormonal changes during the postpartum period among fathers would provide information on biological factors of depression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdn.10142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,6]],"date-time":"2021-07-06T18:22:01Z","timestamp":1625595721000},"page":"643-654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Living with female rats exposed to restraint stress during pregnancy caused depressive\u2010like behavior in male rats and stress\u2010induced apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3161-1280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayad","family":"Kocahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Adiyaman  Adiyaman Turkey"},{"name":"International Scientific Center Baku State University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4896-8822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kubra","family":"Akillioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Cukurova  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6301-0308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leman","family":"Sencar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine University of Cukurova  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2840-1116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyla","family":"Sahin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Mersin  Mersin Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2211-7600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ozge Selin","family":"Cevik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Mersin  Mersin Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8172-4980","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eylem","family":"Taskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Omer HalisDemir  Nigde Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0499-7787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celal","family":"Guven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine University of Omer HalisDemir  Nigde Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3028-605X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayper","family":"Boga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine University of Cukurova  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1646-8831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sait","family":"Polat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine University of Cukurova  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jne.12783"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S25320"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2006.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000125043"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00009-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.157.1.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2009.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yhbeh.2006.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2010.01969.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-017-2288-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874609811003020113"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00764-6","article-title":"Region\u2010specific immediate\u2010early gene expression following the administration of corticotropin\u2010releasing hormone in virgin and lactating rats","volume":"770","author":"DaCosta A. 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