{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T08:49:25Z","timestamp":1791362965831,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,1]],"date-time":"2022-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020627","name":"Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EC\/KNRC\/97\u201345"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EC\/KNRC\/97\u201345"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020627","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Autism spectrum disorder is a developmental disorder that can affect social interactions and sensory\u2010motor behaviors. The present study investigates the effect of environmental enrichment (EE) on behavioral alterations and neuron responses associated with the barrel cortex of young adult female and male rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid (VPA). Pregnant female rats were pretreated with either saline or VPA (500\u2009mg\/kg, IP) on day 12.5 of gestation. Male and female pups were exposed to either EE or standard\u2010setting (non\u2010enrichment) conditions for 1\u2009month (between postnatal day [PND] 30 and 63\u201365) and were divided into non\u2010EE (control), EE, VPA, and VPA\u2009+\u2009EE groups. Three\u2010chamber sociability and social novelty, acoustic startle reflex, and texture discrimination tests were conducted on PND 62. Responses of barrel cortex neurons of male pups were evaluated using the extracellular single\u2010unit recording technique on PND 63\u201365. Results showed that the performance of rats of both sexes in social interactions, texture discrimination tasks, and acoustic startle reflex significantly decreased in the VPA groups compared with the control rats (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.05). In this regard, EE attenuated the altered deficit performance observed in the VPA animals compared with the VPA\u2010EE animals (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.05). The performance of females was better than males in the discrimination tasks and acoustic startle reflex. In contrast, males were better than females in the three\u2010chamber social interaction test. Additionally, the excitatory receptive field response magnitude of the barrel cortex neurons in the VPA\u2009+\u2009EE group increased compared with the VPA group (<jats:italic>P\u2009&lt;<\/jats:italic>\u00a00.05). The results suggest that continuous EE can attenuate cognitive function disturbances in autistic\u2010like rats and, at least at the behavioral level, the effects depend on sex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdn.10206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T01:49:21Z","timestamp":1656035361000},"page":"513-527","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Sex difference in cognitive behavioral alterations and barrel cortex neuronal responses in rats exposed prenatally to valproic acid under continuous environmental enrichment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Mansoureh","family":"Sabzalizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of Medical Sciences  Kerman Iran"},{"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology Kerman University of 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