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Here, we confirmed the impacts of dexmedetomidine on propofol\u2010induced neuroapoptosis and subsequent spatial learning and memory deficits in neonatal rats. We found that dexmedetomidine effectively mitigated propofol\u2010induced spatial learning and memory impairments and improved aversive memory in developing rats. Dexmedetomidine reduced propofol\u2010induced cell apoptosis in the hippocampus and modulated the mRNA expression of Bcl\u20102 and Bax. Additionally, dexmedetomidine attenuated the propofol\u2010induced increase of inflammatory factors IL\u20106 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. The reduced phosphorylation levels of Akt and CREB levels by propofol were re\u2010activated by dexmedetomidine. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that dexmedetomidine effectively mitigated propofol\u2010induced cognitive and memory impairments in developing rats by modulating apoptosis and reducing inflammation via activating the Akt\/CREB\/BDNF signaling pathway. These findings suggest potential strategies to protect the developing brain from the adverse effects of anesthetics and improve patient care in pediatric anesthesia practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jdn.10291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T03:07:07Z","timestamp":1691464027000},"page":"631-640","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Dexmedetomidine alleviates propofol\u2010induced neural injury in developing rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"Weiren","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University  Zhangzhou Fujian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouren","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian 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