{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,26]],"date-time":"2025-11-26T03:26:18Z","timestamp":1764127578946,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Intl J of Devlp Neuroscience"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the regulation of miRNA\u2010132\u20103p on TGF\u2010\u03b2 levels and its association with OCD severity. We hypothesized that miRNA\u2010132\u20103p and TGF\u2010\u03b2 influence OCD aetiology and severity, with their levels correlating with disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 48 OCD patients diagnosed via SCID\u20105\u2010CV per DSM\u2010V and 48 matched healthy controls. Blood samples were analysed for miRNA\u2010132\u20103p and TGF\u2010\u03b2 using RT\u2010PCR and ELISA. Participants completed Y\u2010BOCS, symptom list, HAMA, HAMD, consent and sociodemographic forms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      OCD patients had significantly lower TGF\u2010\u03b2 levels (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.008), negatively correlating with Y\u2010BOCS scores (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.220,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.045) and disease duration (r\n                      <jats:sub>s\u2009<\/jats:sub>\n                      =\u2009\u22120.473,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002). miRNA\u2010132\u20103p levels were 1.92 times higher in OCD patients (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.003), positively correlating with Y\u2010BOCS scores (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.208,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.045).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Altered TGF\u2010\u03b2 and miRNA\u2010132\u20103p levels may contribute to OCD pathophysiology by affecting BDNF regulation, inflammatory responses (Th1\/Th2, Th17\/Treg balance) and synaptic plasticity\u2010related genes.<\/jats:p>\n                  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