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To inform intervention and prevention efforts, it is crucial to develop an understanding of the clinical neuropharmacology of the reinforcing effects of cocaine. The purpose of this review is to evaluate and synthesize human laboratory studies that assess pharmacological manipulations of cocaine self\u2010administration. Forty\u2010one peer\u2010reviewed, human cocaine self\u2010administration studies in which participants received a pretreatment drug were assessed. The pharmacological action and treatment regimen for all drugs reviewed were considered. Drugs that increase extracellular dopamine tend to have the most consistent effects on cocaine self\u2010administration. The ability of nondopaminergic drugs to impact cocaine reinforcement might be related to their downstream effects on dopamine, though it is difficult to draw conclusions because pharmacologically selective compounds are not widely available for human testing. The ability of acute versus chronic drug treatment to differentially affect human cocaine self\u2010administration was not determined because buprenorphine was the only pretreatment drug that was assessed under both acute and chronic dosing regimens. Future research directly comparing acute and chronic drug treatment and\/or comparing drugs with different mechanisms of action, is needed to make more conclusive determinations about the clinical neuropharmacology of cocaine reinforcement.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jeab.744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T09:00:16Z","timestamp":1646125216000},"page":"420-441","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Clinical neuropharmacology of cocaine reinforcement: A narrative review of human laboratory self\u2010administration studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Sean D.","family":"Regnier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua A.","family":"Lile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Kentucky College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig R.","family":"Rush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Kentucky College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8502-0160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"William W.","family":"Stoops","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Behavioral Science University of Kentucky College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Kentucky College of Medicine"},{"name":"Department of Psychology University of Kentucky College of Arts and Sciences"},{"name":"Center on Drug and Alcohol Research University of Kentucky College of Medicine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.96531"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1300.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.180"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pha0000076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-07-02977.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2020.108148"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"CDC(2020).Overdose Deaths Accelerating During COVID\u201019. 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