{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T15:10:41Z","timestamp":1760627441593,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]],"date-time":"2005-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3656,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp;amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Arrangements of CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> groups in various types of oxycarbonate superconductors are examined by high\u2010resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Every other <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\u2010site of basic perovskite structure is replaced with CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> groups in the first carbonate superconductor, (Ba<jats:sub>0.56<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>0.44<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>1.1<\/jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>0.9<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>. The 123\u2010related oxycarbonate superconductor obtained in a Y\u2010Ca\u2010Sr\u2010Cu\u2010O system, (Y<jats:sub>0.475<\/jats:sub>Ca<jats:sub>0.475<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>0.05<\/jats:sub>)Sr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>2.4<\/jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>0.6<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>, has a superstructure with 2\u03b1 periodicity due to ordered replacements of Cu\u2010site with CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> groups. The non\u2010superconducting counterpart with 123\u2010related structure, (Y<jats:sub>0.84<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>0.16<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>2.6<\/jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>0.4<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>, on the other hand, shows more disordered arrangements of CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> groups with nearly 3\u03b1 periodicity. Similar superstructures, due to ordered replacements of Cu sites with CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> groups, are also observed in the 223\u2010related oxycarbonate superconductors, (Ln,Ce)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>0.5<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub> (Ln = Ho, Dy). Homologous series of compounds, (CaSr)<jats:sub>n+1<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>n<\/jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub> (n = 1\u20135), consist of alternate stacking of Sr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cu(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub> and SrCuO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (infinite\u2010layer) types of blocks. They become superconductive by additionally doping the BO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> group. Another homologous series of Bi\u2010based oxycarbonate superconductors, (Bi,Pb)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>2n+2<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>n+1<\/jats:sub> (CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>n<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub> (n = 1\u20133), contain alternate CuO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> layers in between the two (BiO)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> layers. Both mercury (Hg)\u2010and thallium (TI)\u2010based oxycarbonate superconductors, MBa<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Sr<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)O<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub> (M = Hg or TI) show quite unique modulation structures, where both HgO (or TlO) and CO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> layers repeat in the same plane, along [110] in the Hg compound and [100] in the Tl compound, to form longperiod superstructures with wavy distortion of atom planes. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.1070300206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,23]],"date-time":"2005-02-23T16:58:05Z","timestamp":1109177885000},"page":"155-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Direct observations of arrangements of carbonate groups in oxycarbonate superconductors by high\u2010resolution electron microscopy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Matsui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Akimitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0921-4534(92)90479-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Akimitsu J. 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