{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T17:25:43Z","timestamp":1779902743840,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]],"date-time":"2011-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1315353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is no descriptive information about morphology of the oropharyngeal cavity including tongue, palate, and laryngeal region in Corvidae family. This study not only presents the first definitive anatomical description of the structures in the oropharyngeal cavity of magpie and raven but also reviews and compares the scattered information on the morphology of the other avian species available in the literature. In this study, the organs of four birds (two magpies and two ravens) were used. The tongue in magpie and raven was considerably elongated and terminated with an oval\u2010shaped apex. Although the lingual apex in the magpie was divided by fissure, no such bifurcation existed on that of raven. Lingual apex was quite distinctive in both species, and multiple acicular processes covered the apex. These occurrences on the tongue of magpie were replaced by thread\u2010like processes as approaching the lingual body. In raven, these processes were mostly foliated, becoming longer toward the back of the lingua, and denser compared with raven. Moreover, we observed conical papillary crest, which was pointed backward and located between the lingual body and the radix of the tongue and pharyngeal conical papillae around the glottis and palate clefts in both species. There was a transversal fold separating the choanal cleft from the infundibular cleft in raven. Anatomy of the oropharyngeal cavity in the raven and magpie, which are the member of the same family, Corvidae, showed little differences and overall their oral morphological features were excessively similar. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.21067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]],"date-time":"2011-09-07T04:38:31Z","timestamp":1315370311000},"page":"379-387","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Gross anatomical and scanning electron microscopic studies of the oropharyngeal cavity in the European magpie (<i>Pica pica<\/i>) and the common raven (<i>Corvus corax<\/i>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Serkan","family":"Erdogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aydin","family":"Alan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"75","article-title":"Morphological, histological and histochemical study of the lingual salivary glands of the little egret, Egretta garzetta","volume":"14","author":"Almansour MI","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2007.00758.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v76i3.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/ojvr.v76i4.18"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2010.01002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Light and scanning electron microscopic study of the tongue in the zebra finch Cardueis carduelis (Aves: Passeriformes: Fringillidae)","volume":"47","author":"Dehkordi RAF","year":"2010","journal-title":"Slov Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","first-page":"394","article-title":"Surface morphology of the tongue of the hoopoe (Upupa epops)","volume":"7","author":"El\u2010Bakary NER","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Am Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"SEM studies on the lingual papillae and their connective tissue cores of the black kite (Milvus migrans)","volume":"152","author":"Emura S","year":"2008","journal-title":"Med Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2008.00871.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"SEM studies on the connective tissue cores of the lingual papillae of the Northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis)","volume":"83","author":"Emura S","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Anat Nippon"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2535\/ofaj.85.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2535\/ofaj.86.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2535\/ofaj.86.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","unstructured":"1975 W. B. Saunders Company Philadelphia R Getty Sisson and Grossman's the anatomy of the domestic animals 1857 1861"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.26.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000223231"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"523","article-title":"Anatomy of the oropharynx and tongue of the African pied crow (Corvus albus)","volume":"80","author":"Igwebuike UM","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet Archiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1052120103"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"83","article-title":"Scanning and transmission electron microscopical studies on the lingual dorsal epithelium of chickens","volume":"61","author":"Iwasaki S","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta Anat Nippon"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0185(199702)247:2<149::AID-AR1>3.0.CO;2-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.23.161"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2004.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.25.188"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.27.589"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0264.2006.00708.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.61.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-0929.2008.00580.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1439-0264.2001.00353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Nomina anatomica avium","author":"McLelland J","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","first-page":"45","volume-title":"Anatomy of the domestic birds","author":"Nickel R","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","first-page":"382","article-title":"Diet of common ravens on El Hierro, Canary Islands","volume":"68","author":"Nogales M","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Field Ornithol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","first-page":"443","article-title":"The gross anatomy of larynx, trachae and syrinx in goose (Anser anser domesticus)","volume":"16","author":"Onuk B","year":"2010","journal-title":"Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","first-page":"1185","article-title":"Fine structure of the dorsal lingual epithelium of the common quail (Coturnix coturnix)","volume":"10","author":"Parchami A","year":"2010","journal-title":"World Appl Sci J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","first-page":"257","article-title":"Scanning electron microscopy of the tongue in the golden eagle Aquila chrysaetos (Aves: Falconiformes: Accipitridae)","volume":"5","author":"Parchami A","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J Zool"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Macroscopic study of larynx in the male ostrich","volume":"5","author":"Pasand AP","year":"2010","journal-title":"Global Vet"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","first-page":"24","article-title":"Microscopic study on the tongue of male ostrich","volume":"2","author":"Pasand AP","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Biol Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2108\/zsj.28.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","first-page":"155","volume-title":"Cassell's latin dictionary","author":"Simpson DP","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","first-page":"25","article-title":"Gross anatomy of the oropharyngeal cavity in the ostrich (Struthio camelus)","volume":"9","author":"Tadjalli M","year":"2008","journal-title":"Iranian J Vet Res"}],"container-title":["Microscopy Research and Technique"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjemt.21067","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jemt.21067","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T18:32:42Z","timestamp":1760639562000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jemt.21067"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jemt.21067"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jemt.21067","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1059-910X","1097-0029"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1059-910X","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-0029","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,7]]}}}