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In experiment I, secondary follicles were cultured in the \u03b1\u2010MEM<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> supplemented with FSH 6cH (0.05 fg\/ml) or recombinant bovine FSH (100 ng\/ml) without\/with daily medium addition. The homeopathic FSH treatments with\/without medium addition improved (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) follicular development compared to rFSH100 treatment without addition. FSH 6cH with addition showed the highest (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) estradiol production. To verify whether the effects of homeopathic FSH were not due to its vehicle, experiment II was performed. The \u03b1\u2010MEM<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> was supplemented or not with alcohol (0.2% grain ethanol, v\/v), FSH 6cH or rFSH100 with daily medium addition. Surprisingly, we found that all treatments improved follicular development compared to the \u03b1\u2010MEM<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05). Moreover, homeopathic FSH was similar to the other treatments including its vehicle. In conclusion, its vehicle (ethanol) causes the effect of homeopathic FSH on <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> development of isolated ovine preantral follicles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22810","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,5]],"date-time":"2016-12-05T23:38:05Z","timestamp":1480981085000},"page":"406-418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Unexpected effect of the vehicle (grain ethanol) of homeopathic FSH on the <i>in vitro<\/i> survival and development of isolated ovine preantral follicles"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6391-7113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lartiza F.","family":"Lima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebeca M. P.","family":"Rocha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Beatriz G.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivina R.","family":"Brito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerlane M.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanna Q.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diana C. S.","family":"Nunes\u2010Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nia D.","family":"Sales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arlindo A.","family":"Moura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Group of Research in Biology of Reproduction \u2013 Department of Animal Science Federal University of Cear\u00e1 Fortaleza CE Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew B.","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois Urbana\u2010Champaign Urbana Illinois"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula R.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio C.","family":"Campello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Ricardo","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Preantral Follicles Department of Faculty of Veterinary State University of Ceara Itaperi Campus Fortaleza CE 60740\u2010903 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"590","article-title":"Phytoestrogen effect of Ambrosia maritima (Damsissa) on the ovarian activity of immature rabbits","volume":"13","author":"Amer H. 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