{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T00:30:41Z","timestamp":1760661041155,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,24]],"date-time":"2017-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated the association between human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and non\u2010opsonized <jats:italic>Tannerella forsythia<\/jats:italic> ATCC 43037 displaying a serum\u2010resistant surface layer (S\u2010layer). When PMNs were mixed with <jats:italic>T. forsythia<\/jats:italic> in suspension, the cells phagocytosed <jats:italic>T. forsythia<\/jats:italic> cells. Nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, indicative of \n<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jemt22819-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:1059910X:media:jemt22819:jemt22819-math-0001\"\/> production, was observed by light microscopy; cerium (Ce) perhydroxide deposition, indicative of H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> production, was observed by electron microscopy. We examined the relationship between high\u2010molecular\u2010weight proteins of the S\u2010layer and Ce reaction (for <jats:italic>T. forsythia<\/jats:italic> phagocytosis) using electron microscopic immunolabeling. Immunogold particles were localized within the PMNs and on cell surfaces, labelling at the same Ce\u2010reacted sites where the S\u2010layer was present. We then used energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS)\u2010scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to perform Ce and nitrogen (N) (for S\u2010layer immunocytochemistry) elemental analysis on the phagocytosed cells. That is, the elemental mapping and analysis of N by EDS appeared to reflect the presence of the same moieties detected by the 3,3\u2032\u2010diaminobenzidine\u2010tetrahydrochloride (DAB) reaction with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)\u2010conjugated secondary antibodies, instead of immunogold labeling. We focused on the use of EDS\u2010STEM to visualize the presence of N resulting from the DAB reaction. In a parallel set of experiments, we used EDS\u2010STEM to perform Ce and gold (Au; from immunogold labeling of the S\u2010layer) elemental analysis on the same phagocytosing cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.22819","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,25]],"date-time":"2017-04-25T00:57:37Z","timestamp":1493081857000},"page":"555-562","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Energy dispersive spectroscopy\u2010scanning transmission electron microscope observations of free radical production in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes phagocytosing non\u2010opsonized <i>Tannerella forsythia<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Moriguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry Aichi\u2010Gakuin University Nagoya Aichi 464\u20108650 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