{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:57:27Z","timestamp":1775199447362,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]],"date-time":"2018-11-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp;amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Fast free of acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) is a modified sodium dodecyl sulfate\u2010based clearing protocol for the chemical clearing of lipids that completely preserves fluorescent signals in the cleared tissues. The FACT protocol was optimized to image translucent immunostained brain and non\u2010nervous tissues. For this purpose adult male Chukar partridge (<jats:italic>Alectoris chukar<\/jats:italic>) was used as a model. After clearing the tissues, 1 or 2\u2009mm\u2010thickness sections of tissues were immunolabeled. The paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus (2\u2010mm section) was cleared with FACT, and then was stained with gonadotropin\u2010inhibitory hormone (GnIH) antibody and Hoechst. Simultaneously, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of cryosectioned brain (30\u2009\u03bcm) was done by GnIH\u2010antibody. The FACT protocol and staining of cell nuclei of nine other tissues were done by a z\u2010stack motorized fluorescent microscope. GnIH\u2010immunoreactive neurons were found by FACT and IHC during the breeding season in male partridges. Deep imaging of the kidney, duodenum, jejunum, lung, pancreas, esophagus, skeletal muscle, trachea, and testis were also done. The FACT protocol can be used for the three\u2010dimensional imaging of various tissues and immunostained evaluation of protein markers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Research highlight<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The FACT is a simple and cheap method for whole tissue clearing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The FACT\u2010cleared tissues can be imaged with simple fluorescent microscopes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>For the first time, using the FACT, three\u2010dimensional imaging of various tissues was done.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]],"date-time":"2018-11-15T17:46:07Z","timestamp":1542303967000},"page":"1374-1382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Fast free of acrylamide clearing tissue (FACT) for clearing, immunolabelling and three\u2010dimensional imaging of partridge tissues"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Farzad","family":"Mohammad Rezazadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Shiraz University  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saman","family":"Saedi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Shiraz University  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhad","family":"Rahmanifar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine Shiraz University  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Namavar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurology Research Center, and Histomorphometry &amp; Stereology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Dianatpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cells Technology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medical Genetics, School of Pharmacy Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nader","family":"Tanideh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cells Technology Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Akhlaghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Shiraz University  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Niazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology Shiraz University  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Arabi Monfared","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory Shiraz University of Medical Sciences  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuyoshi","family":"Tsutsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Waseda University  Shinjuku\u2010ku Tokyo, 162\u20108480 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Jafarzadeh Shirazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture Shiraz University  Shiraz Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Tamadon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences  Bushehr Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"164","article-title":"Effect of lactation on the expression of gonadotropin\u2010inhibitory hormone in dorsomedial and paraventricular nuclei of the rat hypothalamus","volume":"15","author":"Adavi H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Physiology and Pharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"277","article-title":"Lactation effect on mRNAs expression of RFRP\u20103 and KiSS\u20101 in dorsomedial and arcuate nuclei hypothalamus of rat","volume":"17","author":"Asadi Yousefabad S. 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