{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T19:33:16Z","timestamp":1780601596660,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]],"date-time":"2020-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591228800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Microscopy Res &amp;amp; Technique"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The focus of this triple\u2010blind study was on evaluating the effect of chitosan combined with <jats:italic>Dysphania ambrosioides<\/jats:italic> (A) extract on the bone repair process in vivo. In total, 60 male Wistar rats (<jats:italic>Rattus norvegicus<\/jats:italic> albinus) weighing between 260 and 270\u2009g were randomly selected for this study and distributed into four groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> =\u200915). Group C (chitosan), Group CA5 (chitosan +\u20095% of <jats:italic>D. ambrosioides<\/jats:italic>), Group CA20 (chitosan +\u200920% of <jats:italic>D. ambrosioides<\/jats:italic>), and Group CO (Control\u2010Blood clot). In each animal, bone defects measuring 2\u2009mm in diameter were performed in both tibias for placement of the substances. After 7, 15, and 30\u2009days, the animals were sedated and sacrificed using the cervical dislocation technique and the tissues were analyzed under optical microscope relative to the following events: inflammatory infiltrate, necrosis, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, periosteal, and endosteal bone formation. The data were evaluated to verify distribution using the Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov test, and variance, using the Levene test; as distribution was not normal, data were subjected to the Kruskal\u2013Wallis and Dunn nonparametric tests (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u2009.05). A significant inflammatory infiltrate was observed in Group CA5 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.008) in the time interval of 7\u2009days, and in Group C at 15 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.009) and 30 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.017) days. Osteoblastic activity was more significant in Group CA20 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.027) compared with CA5 in the time interval of 7\u2009days. Group CA20 demonstrated a significantly higher endosteal and periosteal bone formation value in the time interval of 7 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.013), 15 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.004), and 30\u2009days (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> =\u2009.008) compared with the other groups. The null hypothesis was refuted, bone regeneration was faster in spheres with an association of chitosan and 20% extract, and complete bone repair occurred clinically at 15\u2009days and histologically at 30\u2009days. The spheres proved to be a promising method for the biostimulation of alveolar bone repair and bone fractures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23512","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T02:05:20Z","timestamp":1591322720000},"page":"1208-1216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effect of chitosan and <scp><i>Dysphania ambrosioides<\/i><\/scp> on the bone regeneration process: A randomized controlled trial in an animal model"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"83","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6264-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elizandra Silva da","family":"Penha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate, Research and Innovation Centro Universit\u00e1rio Sa\u00fade ABC, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC  Santo Andr\u00e9 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6213-9206","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rog\u00e9rio","family":"Lacerda\u2010Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry Federal University of Juiz de Fora, UFJF  Governador Valadares Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1630-3968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luanna Ab\u00edlio Diniz Melqu\u00edades","family":"de Medeiros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prosthesis Department Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG  Patos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3795-8832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosana","family":"Ara\u00fajo Rosendo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prosthesis Department Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG  Patos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5686-8621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonielson","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine Federal Institute of Para\u00edba  Sousa Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8566-920X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus Vin\u00edcius Lia","family":"Fook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG  Campina Grande Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3931-8265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wladymyr Jefferson Bacalhau","family":"de Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG  Campina Grande Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8283-6666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Millena","family":"de Oliveira Firmino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Veterinary Medicine Federal University of Campina Grande, UFCG  Patos Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6834-0261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Montagna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate, Research and Innovation Centro Universit\u00e1rio Sa\u00fade ABC, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC  Santo Andr\u00e9 Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2011.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"195","article-title":"Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities screen in some Brazilian medicinal plants used in Governador Valadares district","volume":"42","author":"Brasileiro B. 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