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In this study, to detect the expression of HNF4\u03b1 in some species of animals, we have applied monoclonal antibodies against P1 (K9218) and P2 (H6939) promoter\u2010driven and P1\/P2 promoter\u2010driven H1415 HNF4\u03b1 for immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. Antibody K9218 was observed in the hepatocytes, proximal tubules of the kidney, and epithelial cells in the mucosa of the small intestine and colon of rats, chicken, and tortoise, whereas antibody H6939 signal were detected in the stomach, pancreas, bile duct, and pancreatic duct of human and rats. The signal for antibody K9218 was recognized in tissues of a wide range of mammals, bird, reptile, amphibian, and fish as well. Antibody H1415 displayed a positive reaction in hepatocytes and intestinal epithelial cells in chicken and tortoise, whereas the bile duct, mucosal epithelial cells in the stomach, or pancreas in these animals were negative. Western blotting showed the binding of the antibody with HNF4\u03b1 protein from each animal. The sequence of human HNF4\u03b1 was 100% identical to murine and rat HNF4\u03b1, 88.9% to chicken, 77.8% to <jats:italic>Xenopus<\/jats:italic> HNF4\u03b1, and 81.5% to medaka. However, the specific part of human and invertebrate <jats:italic>Drosophila<\/jats:italic> HNF4 shares only 14.8% sequence identity. This antibody is useful for detecting HNF4\u03b1 isoforms in a wide range of vertebrates, and suggests many insights into animal evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T21:59:38Z","timestamp":1625176778000},"page":"2906-2914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Immunohistochemical detection of hepatocyte nuclear factor\u20104\u03b1 in vertebrates"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"Shuying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Niigata College of Medical Technology  Niigata Japan"},{"name":"Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology Graduate Scholl of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University  Niigata Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for 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