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Two male and female animals were included in the study. The adrenal gland was bean\u2010shaped and located on the cranial pole of kidney. The enveloping capsule was dense connective tissue that reacted positively with Periodic\u2010Acid Schiff (PAS) and Masson trichrome stainings. The parenchyma of the gland consisted of two\u2010part, namely cortex and medulla; the cortex had three layers: zona glomerulosa (ZG), zona fasciculata (ZF), and zona reticularis (ZR). The cells of the ZG were mainly spherical and ovoid with circular arrangement and few lipid droplets in TEM micrographs. The cells of the ZF were columnar and spherical that were arranged in cord\u2010like rows. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated conspicuous lipid droplets and mitochondria in this zone. The cells of the ZR were arranged in a tangled networks and were almost similar to those in the ZF. TEM images showed fewer lipid vesicles in the ZR compared to the ZF and ZG. Chromaffin cells were located in the medulla of the adrenal gland in two layers. TEM images showed that some of them were smaller and contained fewer secretory granules; other cells were larger and contained more electron\u2010dense secretory granules. Immunofluorescence staining showed that steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1) expressed from cortex to the corticomedullary junction (CMJ) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expressed in the medulla. In conclusion, the results indicated both similarities and differences between the adrenal gland of the Persian squirrel and other animals such as mammals and rodents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]],"date-time":"2021-09-23T10:44:04Z","timestamp":1632393844000},"page":"738-747","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Histological, transmission electron microscopic, and immunohistochemical study of the adrenal gland in the Persian squirrel (<scp><i>Sciurus anomalus<\/i><\/scp>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"Mahshid","family":"Johnny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Razi University  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4704-6076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nader","family":"Goodarzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences and Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Razi University  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohsen Akbari","family":"Bazm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences  Kermanshah Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.23394"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"275","article-title":"Anatomical and histological studies of accessory adrenal nodules in Caspian miniature horses","volume":"31","author":"Ahmadpanahi J.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0442.1969.tb00734.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"The status and distribution of the Persian squirrel, Sciurus anomalus (Mammalia: Rodentia: Sciuridae), in Dibbeen nature reserve, Jordan","volume":"55","author":"Amr Z. 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